Investigating concentrated leak erosion behaviour of cohesive soils by performing hole erosion tests

Benahmed, Nadia; Bonelli, Stéphane

doi:10.1080/19648189.2012.667667

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Both erosion parameters τ c and k are generally regarded as inherent properties of the material, and can be evaluated for natural soils by means of specific erosion tests like the Hole Erosion Test [10], the Erosion Function Apparatus [14], or the annular flume [39]. However, one of the devices most widely used for this purpose is the Jet Erosion Test (JET) described in detail by Hanson and Cook [24] partly due to its ability to perform experiments in situ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion onset of a cohesionless granular medium by an immersed impinging round jet

Brunier-Coulin¹,

Cuéllar²,

Philippe³

2017

Phys. Rev. Fluids

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To cite this version: AbstractAmong different devices developed quite recently to quantify the resistance to erosion of a natural soil within the broader context of dyke safety, the most commonly used is probably the Jet Erosion Test (JET) in which a scouring crater is induced by impingement of an immersed water jet. A comprehensive experimental investigation on the jet erosion in the specific situation of a cohesionless granular material is presented here. The tests were performed combining special optical techniques allowing for an accurate measurement of the scouring onset and evolution inside an artificially translucent granular sample. The impinging jet hydrodynamics are also analyzed empirically validating the use of a self-similar theoretical framework for the laminar round jet. The critical conditions at the onset of erosion appear to be best described by a dimensionless Shields number based on the inertial drag force created by the fluid flow on the eroded particles rather than on the pressure gradients around them. To conclude, a tentative empirical model for the maximal flow velocity initiating erosion at the bottom of the scoured crater is put forward and discussed in the light of some preliminary results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion onset of a cohesionless granular medium by an immersed impinging round jet

Brunier-Coulin¹,

Cuéllar²,

Philippe³

2017

Phys. Rev. Fluids

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“…In addition, the hole erosion test [13,14] was also referred to simulate the erosion phenomenon in open cracks. In the following sections, the testing procedures and theoretical models were presented; then we proposed to calculate the erosion percentage and establish the mathematical relationships between the erosion percentage and different regimes, that is, different cementitious replacement, curing period, erosion time, and sizes of initial holes to aid in assessing the internal erosion propagating from cracks in cement-bentonite seepage barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Erosion of Cement-Bentonite via Piping

Wang

Zhao

Royal

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Cement-bentonite is one of the main materials used in the seepage barriers to protect earth dams and levees from water erosion. However, the current understanding of the erodibility of the cementitious materials and the interactions between cracked seepage barriers and the water flow is inadequate. Based on the laboratory pinhole erosion test, we first investigated the impacts of cementbentonite treatments by using the ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) as replacement on the erosion characteristics, compared with the original mixtures; the inclusion of GGBS highlighted a potential advantage against water erosion. In addition, we proposed to calculate the erosion percentage and establish the mathematical relationships between the erosion percentage and different regimes, that is, different curing period, erosion time, and sizes of initial holes. Results showed that enough curing period was critical to avoid the increases of hydraulic conductivity in the macrofabric of the barrier; meanwhile, the materials were eroded quickly at the beginning and slowed down with the erosion time, where the enlargement of the initial creaks would be stabilised at some point in time. Moreover, the sizes of initial holes may affect the erosion situation varying from the sample curing periods.

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“…For a new dam, potential internal erosion and piping can be avoided through good design and close supervision during construction, especially of the core, and the provision of an appropriate filter to intercept the formation of any concentrated leaks (Benahmed and Bonelli, 2012;Fell and Fry, 2007). Thus the selection of an appropriate filter in protecting a core has become critical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of veracity of filter criteria for earth dams

Vakili

Selamat

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

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The core of an earth dam is normally made of clayey base soils and protected by a sandy filter. Designing the filter can be very challenging considering the various criteria established today. This study commences with a review of three prominent criteria referred to in designing filters by the indirect method. No-erosion filter tests are then carried out involving 11 fine-grained, base soil samples with different properties; these are a highly dispersive soil, a soil with a medium to high degree of dispersion, a soil with a low-plasticity silt (ML) classification and a soil with a broad gradation curve. These tests represent the direct method. A comparison of results arising from the two methods shows that designing filters the indirect way, by following established criteria alone, is not always safe. Hence, it is proposed that such designs should be experimentally verified using no-erosion filter tests. Furthermore, instead of following the prevalent criteria in the indirect design method, the perfect filtering method for highly dispersive soils and the reduced particle size distribution method for broadly graded soils are proposed to be used, with merits given for each method. Finally, the paper recommends certain filter criteria from the literature for base soils with a moderate degree of dispersion and an ML classification respectively.

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Investigating concentrated leak erosion behaviour of cohesive soils by performing hole erosion tests

Cited by 51 publications

References 21 publications

Erosion onset of a cohesionless granular medium by an immersed impinging round jet

Erosion onset of a cohesionless granular medium by an immersed impinging round jet

Investigation of Erosion of Cement-Bentonite via Piping

An assessment of veracity of filter criteria for earth dams

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