Investigating Brazilian Paintings from the 19th Century by MA-XRF

Abstract

In this work, four artworks dating from the 19th century by Brazilian painters Firmino Monteiro, Henrique Bernardelli, and Eliseu Visconti were analyzed by MA-XRF. Pb-L, Fe-K, and Hg-L were the main elemental maps obtained in all paintings. In the artworks of Henrique Bernardelli and Eliseu Visconti, maps of Cr-K and Co-K were also obtained. These results indicate that these Brazilian painters from the 19th century used few pigments to create their paintings, with the different hues coming mainly from ocher pigments. Using correlation image methods, no intentional mixtures of pigments made by the painters were found. These results indicate that the three painters used similar materials and techniques for preparing their pigments. These similarities are confirmed through statistical analysis by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). In this method, it was possible to verify that the main bases of the contribution of the data registered in each artwork are the same. The analysis also revealed that one of Eliseu Visconti’s paintings had an underlying painting, and another artwork by Eliseu Visconti contained a golden pigment with Cu and Zn. These results have helped art historians and conservators understand the creation process of Brazilian artists in the 19th century.

Combining Multispectral Imaging and XRF Analysis to Examine San Patroba predica ai fedeli di Pozzuoli by Massimo Stanzione

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Cable Robots as Conventional Linear Stage Alternatives for the Investigation of Complex-Shaped Objects via Macroscopic X-ray Fluorescence Imaging

“…Elemental information allows for the identification of pigments in artworks and contributes to their understanding [1]. Acquiring elemental distribution images is necessary as it provides representative information, as opposed to spot analysis [2]. Chemical and elemental distribution images can reveal changes and hidden details invisible to the naked eye.…”

Análises não invasivas de pinturas de cavalete do artista Oscar Pereira da Silva pertencentes ao acervo do Museu Paulista da USP

“…Trabalhos acerca da aplicação de espectroscopia Raman ao patrimônio cultural passaram a ser desenvolvidos pelo Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular do Instituto de Química da USP (FARIA et al, 2002) e estudos de amostras de pinturas foram realizadas pelo Laboratório de Ciência da Conservação (LACICOR), da Escola de Belas Artes da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (LOPES, et al, 2001). Aplicações e construção de um sistema de feixe iônico externo para o estudo de bens culturais foram desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Física Aplicada com Aceleradores (GFAA) do Instituto de Física da USP (RIZZUTTO et al, 2005;RIZZUTTO et al, 2007) (CALZA et al, 2007;CALZA, 2007;CALZA et al, 2010a;FELIX et al, 2021;FREITAS, 2022;PIMENTA, et al, 2023;CAMPOS et al, 2023). Foram propostas também as análises de artistas da virada do século 19 para o 20 e pintores da época moderna, como foi o caso dos pintores Benedito Calixto, Candido Portinari, Eliseu Visconti, Di Cavalcanti, Anita Malfatti, Oscar Pereira da Silva, entre outros (FARIA et al, 1999;CALZA et al, 2010b;ROSADO, 2011;CAMPOS et al 2014;CAMPOS, 2015;RODRIGUES, 2022).…”