Investigating a CMUT's Ability to Achieve Non-linear Contrast Enhancement

Øygard, Sigrid Husebø; Ommen, Martin Lind; Engholm, Mathias; Schou, Mikkel; Diederichsen, Søren Elmin; Thomsen, Erik Vilain; Stuart, Matthias Bo; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt

doi:10.1109/ius46767.2020.9251326

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…CEUS images were composed using both (7) and (8). The two-pulse AM sequence, which was also studied by the authors in [32], is included for comparison with the three-pulse AM proposed by Fouan and…”

Section: Calculation Of Ctrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using such sequences with CMUTs will therefore result in poor contrast in the CEUS images [17,18]. Several attempts have been made to overcome this issue by altering the frequency content of the emitted pulse [19,20], but such approaches are not necessarily compatible with the bipolar pulsers often found in commercial scanners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fouan and Bouakaz [18] shows that for a single transmit voltage of 20 V applied to a CMUT, a 15 dB improvement in contrast-to-tissue ratio (CTR) was achieved, compared with an AM sequence with scaled voltage. A similar approach has been studied in [17], where it was shown that a two-pulse AM sequence with halving of the active elements resulted in better contrast than conventional PI imaging. The contrast of CEUS images is influenced by the power of the AM signal compared with the power of any remaining signal scattered by tissue, often quantified by CTR [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers

Øygard

Ommen

Tomov

et al. 2023

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have a nonlinear relationship between the applied voltage and the emitted signal, which is detrimental to conventional contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) techniques. Instead, a three-pulse amplitude modulation (AM) sequence has been proposed, which is not adversely affected by the nonlinearly emitted harmonics. In this paper, this is shown theoretically, and the performance of the sequence is verified using a 4.8 MHz linear capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array, and a comparable lead zirconate titanate (PZT) array, across 6–60 V applied alternating current (AC) voltage. CEUS images of the contrast agent SonoVue flowing through a 3D printed hydrogel phantom showed an average enhancement in contrast-to-tissue ratio (CTR) between B-mode and CEUS images of 49.9 and 37.4 dB for the PZT array and CMUT, respectively. Furthermore, hydrophone recordings of the emitted signals showed that the nonlinear emissions from the CMUT did not significantly degrade the cancellation in the compounded AM signal, leaving an average of 2% of the emitted power between 26 and 60 V of AC. Thus, it is demonstrated that CMUTs are capable of CEUS imaging independent of the applied excitation voltage when using a three-pulse AM sequence.

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Section: Calculation Of Ctrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers

Øygard

Ommen

Tomov

et al. 2023

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Calculation Of Ctrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Using Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers

Øygard

Ommen

Tomov

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) have a nonlinear relationship between the applied voltage and the emitted signal, which is detrimental to conventional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) techniques. Instead, a three-pulse amplitude modulation (AM) sequence has been proposed, which is not adversely affectedby the emitted harmonics. In this paper, this is shown theoretically, and the performance of the sequence is verified using a 4.8 MHz linear CMUT array, and a comparable lead zirconate titanate (PZT) array, across 6 V to 60 V applied AC voltage. CEUS images of the contrast agent SonoVue flowing through a 3D printed hydrogel phantom showed an average enhancement in contrast-to-tissue ratio (CTR) between B-mode and CEUS images of 49.9 dB and 37.4 dB for the PZT array and CMUT, respectively. Furthermore, hydrophone recordings of the emitted signals showed that the nonlinear emissions from the CMUT did not significantly degrade the cancellation in the compounded AM signal, leaving an average of 2% of the emitted power between 26 V and 60 V AC. Thus, it is demonstrated that CMUTs are capable of CEUS imaging independent of the applied excitation voltage when using a three-pulse AM sequence.

show abstract

Investigating a CMUT's Ability to Achieve Non-linear Contrast Enhancement

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Using Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers

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