Investigate Flow Characteristics of Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) Disposable Inhaler Spacer (AeroCup) for COVID-19 Patient by using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD)

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) were first reported by officials in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 patients have a symptom of respiratory pneumonia diseases which have difficulties in breathing normally. Previously, the nebulizer machine commonly used to treat respiratory pneumonia diseases. However, the usage for this machine was not suggested during this COVID-19 period because the virus will be spread off easily. To overcome these shortcomings, the uses of Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) with MDI disposable inhaler spacer is preferable. Besides, it had been known that the used of MDI disposable inhaler spacer helps to increase the uptaking of the drug into the lung. Besides that, the high demand for the MDI Disposable Inhaler Spacer in the hospital, causing a shortage of supply in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to produce a new design of this spacer to full fill the market need. This new design of MDI Disposable Inhaler Spacer (AeroCup) was designed by using Solid Work 2018. Then, the parameters for flow characteristic such as particle velocity magnitude, velocity, Eddy viscosity, turbulence Eddy dissipation and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) was successfully characterized and compared with commercial design A using ANSYS Fluent Version 19.2. The result showed that new design (AeroCup) had the desired characteristic, which was almost similar to commercial design A. This study can provide a piece of information to produce the low-cost metered-dose inhaler (MDI) disposable inhaler spacer to enlighten the burden shouldered by front liners, especially during the pandemic and also can scale-up the economic viability.

CFD Analysis for Valve-Holding Camber Permanent Inhaler Spacer (AerospaAcer) with Different Valves

“…The 3D geometry of AerospaAcer was drawn based on earlier research (copyrighted with the number LY2020002678) using SOLIDWORK 2019. SOLIDWORK software is a computer aided design, CAD software which researcher nowadays used to draw 3D model for their research [5,11,[13][14][15]. The 3D AerospaAcer model as shown in Figure 3 is drawn using some tool features provided in the software.…”

Structure-function relationships in the modification of liposomes for targeted drug delivery in infectious diseases

“…The CFD model has been greatly used in the design of inhalers and nebulizers, by simulating air flow into the lungs and drug absorption -the design of metered-dose inhaler (MDI), also known as the AeroCup for COVID-19 being exemplary [79]. Another computational model that has been successfully used for DDS is DFT, wherein the thermodynamic nature of interacting systems can be studied, giving insight into the energetic changes that occur at the molecular level; this method is also capable of defining the geometric structure and electrical characteristics of nanocarriers upon drug docking [80].…”