Investigación y desarrollo de un método para la destrucción de células malignas mediante la acción balística de nano-partículas magnéticas

Abstract

of the thesis presented by CARLOS DAVID AMAYA JARAMILLO, as a partial requirement to obtain the DOCTOR degree in BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING. Madrid, Spain. December 2017 Research and development of a method for the destruction of malignant cells by the ballistic action of magnetic nano-particles Descriptors-Nano-magnetic particles, magnetic fields, magnetic gradient, cell death, nano-particle motion. This work is the result of the design, development and implementation of an equipment to achieve the movement of nano-particles through the application of a permanent magnet and Maxwell coils. The objective is to study the physical phenomena that occur when the nano-particles are in a constant magnetic field and a magnetic field gradient, which produce a linear movement of the nano-particles. This linear movement of the particles can be useful in different medical applications, as is the case of producing cell death, which in the future can help in the fight against cancer. Cell death rates depend on the type of movement that can be induced to the magnetic nano-particles that are in contact with the cells. Numerous investigations are currently in progress to control the movement of magnetic nano-particles in order to destroy tumor cells. In this work, linear movements of magnetic nano-particles have been achieved, and the cellular mortality that occurs when the cells are subjected to the linear movement of the magnetic nano-particles located inside them has been determined. This work describes the design and use of a device that is capable of applying low frequency electric currents, using current magnitudes below 7 A, to produce the linear movement of magnetic nanoparticles. These low frequency currents prevent the electromagnetic noise and are well tolerated by biological entities, The equipment has been developed to comply with working conditions of less than 40 Hz and a current of up to 10 A. A detailed analysis of cell viability in response to different stimulation parameters has been performed, with special emphasis on analysis of the frequencies of 1 and 10 Hz, given the increase in cell mortality rates observed at low frequencies. An electric current