Inverting the moral economy: the case of land acquisitions for forest plantations in Tanzania

Olwig, Mette Fog; Noe, Christine; Kangalawe, Richard Y. M.; Luoga, E. J.

doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1078231

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This reflects the tendency of aid programmes, noted by Fridahl et al (2015), to avoid institutionalising aid. In the context of small-to medium-scale biochar projects in LDCs this is unfortunate, as it risks failing the expectations of vulnerable populations (see further Olwiga et al 2015), something noted at least in project nos. 7 and 3 (the latter being a corporate social sustainability project rather than an aid project).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the socio-economic and environmental benefit of using waste feedstocks would be foregone, and the associated land use change may well end up eliminating any climate benefit on aggregate (Cowie et al 2015). Second, the establishment of large-scale plantations of dedicated biomass risks leads to land deprivation, as historical experiences of forced resettlements and imposed restrictions on customary land use in relation to biofuel and forest projects in Tanzania show (Brockington and Ponte 2015;Lund et al 2016;Olwiga et al 2015). These results are often due to a mismatch between designations of marginal or unoccupied land in biofuel project plans and actual usage of the land by farmers and nomad populations (Exner et al 2015;Locher and Sulle 2014;Olwiga et al 2015).…”

Section: Concluding Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar as multi-purpose sustainable technology: experiences from projects in Tanzania

Hansson

Anshelm

Fridahl

et al. 2020

Environ Dev Sustain

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Biochar was recently included as a promising negative emissions technology (NET) in the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Unlike other NETs, it can potentially be used to mitigate global climate change while adding to local resilience in countries highly exposed and sensitive to impacts of climate change, such as least-developed countries (LDCs). The study is as an empirical contribution to the, as of yet, underdeveloped literature on deployment of negative emissions technologies in LDCs in general and on biochar use in developing countries and LDCs specifically. Nine historical and existing biochar projects in Tanzania are mapped in order to analyse problems, goals and common trade-offs associated with smallto medium-scale biochar production in LDCs. The mapping is based on a literature and document study, interviews with project actors, and on-site visits to biochar projects during 2019. The paper gives support to the observation made in the biochar literature that while biochar has many potential socioeconomic and environmental benefits, combining them in one single project is difficult. It is concluded that implementing biochar projects in Tanzania will likely involve trade-offs between the development and subsistence strategies and needs of local communities, the motivational forces of different project participants, and the uneven regulatory capacity of the state. We end by reflecting on the use of biochar projects to offset carbon emissions made elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concluding Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar as multi-purpose sustainable technology: experiences from projects in Tanzania

Hansson

Anshelm

Fridahl

et al. 2020

Environ Dev Sustain

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“…Other important areas in the country have been overseen in the transition to a green economy. Initiatives have concentrated on some parts of the country, for example, the southern part of Tanzania (Bergius et al, 2018;Bersaglio & Cleaver, 2018;Buseth, 2017;Olwig et al, 2015), while there is no enough information about some other parts. This might be because the area is potential in different factors like a potential area for investors, agriculture, and business.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green economy in Tanzania: Is it foreseeable?

Mihayo

Swai

2019

jaar

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The green economy is one of the major pathways to sustainable development. In achieving sustainable development, Tanzania just like some other developing countries, has made efforts in transit to such kind of economy. The country does not have any specific national policy or strategy on the green economy. However, there have been different, direct, and indirect actions that have been implemented in support of the green economy initiative. The paper reviews how far the green economy is foreseeable in Tanzania. Firstly, explore the work of different activities and initiatives towards attaining green economy together with their effectiveness and challenges. Starts by review on the well-known national initiatives that are mainly funded by the developed partners, then national strategic development plans and programs. The work found that there is no enough researches and information on the role of already established policies, laws, and regulation. This study concludes by discussing the identified strength and weakness of the initiatives, providing suggestions on where will these initiatives take Tanzania as long as green economy is concerned, and therefore provide recommendations.

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“…The biofuel boom has further revealed severe problems with the official statistics related to land use in Tanzania. What was assumed to be unoccupied land suitable for biofuel plantations has often been found to be occupied and used, albeit sometimes in a low-intensive fashion (Olwiga et al 2015). In an extensive assessment of land statistics in Tanzania, Exner et al (2015) conclude that the terms "marginal land" and "unused land" are misleading and even manipulative.…”

Section: Experiences From Commercial Projects and Aid: The Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Preconditions for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Tanzania

Hansson

Fridahl

Anshelm

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

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Most mitigation scenarios compatible with a likely change of holding global warming well below 2 °C rely on negative emissions technologies (NETs). According to the integrated assessment models (IAMs) used to produce mitigation scenarios for the IPCC reports, the NET with the greatest potential to achieve negative emissions is bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). Crucial questions arise about where the enormous quantities of biomass needed according to the IAM scenarios could feasibly be produced in a sustainable manner. Africa is attractive in the context of BECCS because of large areas that could contribute biomass energy and indications of substantial underground CO 2 storage capacities. However, estimates of large biomass availability in Africa are usually based on highly aggregated datasets, and only a few studies explore future challenges or barriers for BECCS in any detail. Based on previous research and literature, this paper analyses the preconditions for BECCS in Tanzania by studying what we argue are the applications of BECCS, or the components of the BECCS chain, that are most feasible in the country, namely (1) as applied to domestic sugarcane-based energy production (bioethanol), and (2) with Tanzania in a producer and re-growth role in an international BECCS chain, supplying biomass or biofuels for export to developed countries. The review reveals that a prerequisite for both options is either the existence of a functional market for emissions trading and selling, making negative emissions a viable commercial investment, or sustained investment through aid programmes. Also, historically, an important barrier to the development of production capacity of liquid biofuels for export purposes has been given by ethical dilemmas following in the wake of demand for land to facilitate production of biomass, such as sugarcane and jatropha. In these cases, conflicts over access to land and mismanagement have been more of a rule than an exception. Increased production volumes of solid biomass for export to operations that demand bioenergy, be it with or without a CCS component, is likely to give rise to similar conflicts. While BECCS may well play an important role in reducing emissions in countries with high capacity to act combined with existing large point sources of biogenic CO 2 emissions, it seems prudent to proceed with utmost caution when implicating BECCS deployment in least developed countries, like Tanzania.The paper argues that negative BECCS-related emissions from Tanzania should not be assumed in global climate mitigation scenarios.

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Inverting the moral economy: the case of land acquisitions for forest plantations in Tanzania

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Biochar as multi-purpose sustainable technology: experiences from projects in Tanzania

Biochar as multi-purpose sustainable technology: experiences from projects in Tanzania

Green economy in Tanzania: Is it foreseeable?

Preconditions for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Tanzania

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