Inverting the impacts: Mining, conservation and sustainability claims near the Rio Tinto/QMM ilmenite mine in Southeast Madagascar

Seagle, Caroline

doi:10.9774/gleaf.9781315829654_11

Cited by 16 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…For example, states once held nature in trust for the people they represent, but now privatize and sell it as stock to private companies. We see this, for instance, in the sale of grazing land to foreign wildlife and ecotourism companies (Brockington et al 2008, Snijders 2012, Gardner 2012; see also Duffy 2000Duffy , 2010, and of farm and forest land to mining companies (Seagle 2012). To be sure, privatization can also involve the securing of ownership rights for the poor; but, as Harvey notes, even when this happens it is not the end of it, but rather opens the way for subsequent processes of alienation of land and nature.…”

Section: Appropriation Dispossession and The Valuation Of Naturementioning

confidence: 94%

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Fairhead

Leach²,

Scoones³

2012

Journal of Peasant Studies

1,374

553

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Section: Appropriation Dispossession and The Valuation Of Naturementioning

confidence: 94%

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Fairhead

Leach²,

Scoones³

2012

Journal of Peasant Studies

1,374

553

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“…the prevention of livelihood practices and resource uses (Seagle 2012). In other instances, new appropriations of nature play into and intensify ongoing agrarian dynamics and livelihood struggles (Gardner 2012), in which direct impacts are less immediate and the winners and losers less clear-cut.…”

Section: Ecologies and Livelihoods: Transformations And Contestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus we see conservation schemes being enacted through tight alliances of international environmental policy institutions, NGOs and national elites with multi-national corporations, whether in those orchestrated by Rio Tinto in Madagascar that blur boundaries between land acquisition for environmental protection and mineral extraction (Seagle 2012) or in the alignments of international tourist operators with conservation agencies and the state in promoting ecotourism schemes in Colombia (Odeja 2012), Tanzania (Gardner 2012) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Fairhead¹,

Leach²,

Scoones³

Green Grabbing: A New Appropriation of Nature

275

373

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More details/abstract: Across the world, 'green grabbing' -the appropriation of land and resources for environmental ends -is an emerging process of deep and growing significance. The vigorous debate on 'land grabbing' already highlights instances where 'green' credentials are called upon to justify appropriations of land for food or fuel -as where large tracts of land are acquired not just for 'more efficient farming' or 'food security', but also to 'alleviate pressure on forests'. In other cases, however, environmental green agendas are the core drivers and goals of grabs -whether linked to biodiversity conservation, biocarbon sequestration, biofuels, ecosystem services, ecotourism or 'offsets' related to any and all of these. In some cases these involve the wholesale alienation of land, and in others the restructuring of rules and authority in the access, use and management of resources that may have profoundly alienating effects. Green grabbing builds on well-known histories of colonial and neo-colonial resource alienation in the name of the environment -whether for parks, forest reserves or to halt assumed destructive local practices. Yet it involves novel forms of valuation, commodification and markets for pieces and aspects of nature, and an extraordinary new range of actors and alliances -as pension funds and venture capitalists, commodity traders and consultants, GIS service providers and business entrepreneurs, ecotourism companies and the military, green activists and anxious consumers among others find once-unlikely common interests. This collection draws new theorisation together with cases from African, Asian and Latin American settings, and links critical studies of nature with critical agrarian studies, to ask: To what extent and in what ways do 'green grabs' constitute new forms of appropriation of nature? How and when do circulations of green capital become manifest in actual appropriations on the ground -through what political and discursive dynamics? What are the implications for ecologies, landscapes and livelihoods? And who is gaining and who is losing -how are agrarian social relations, rights and authority being restructured, and in whose interests?

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“…Land was set aside for protected areas within the concession (but away from the mining area), and NGOs and scientists were recruited to survey them and help develop a tourism industry. Conservation organizations and the mining company shared media and narrative and media materials, their websites telling the same story using virtually identical imagery and language (Seagle 2012). A new narrative was developed that focused on smallholders as causes of forest loss.…”

Section: The Bargain's Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping with the enemy? Biodiversity conservation, corporations and the green economy

Adams

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

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This article explores the surprising closeness and apparent warmth of the relations between biodiversity conservation organisations and corporations. It argues that in this paradoxical engagement, conservationists are exhibiting an extreme form of pragmatism -a willingness to 'sleep with the enemy.' The article considers the implications of these arrangements using the metaphor of a Faustian Bargain, a deal with the devil to acquire power in exchange for the soul. It considers the lure to conservationists of the logics underlying collaboration in the forms of market-based neoliberal conservation and the green economy in the light of the long-standing tradition of opposition in the face of the destructive engagement between capitalism and nature. It considers the benefits of conservation of its Faustian bargain, and explores its consequences. Key Words: biodiversity conservation, neoliberal conservation RésuméCet article explore la proximité surprenante et la chaleur apparente des relations entre les organismes de conservation de la biodiversité et les entreprises. Il fait valoir que dans cet engagement paradoxal, les conservateurs présentent une forme extrême de pragmatisme -une volonté de «dormir avec l'ennemi». L'article considère les implications de cette relation en utilisant la métaphore d'une négociation faustienne, un accord avec le diable pour acquérir le pouvoir en échange de l'âme. Elle considère l'attrait pour les conservateurs des logiques qui sous-tendent la collaboration dans les formes de conservation néolibérale basée sur le marché et l'économie verte, compte tenu de la longue tradition d'opposition face à l'engagement destructeur entre le capitalisme et la nature. Il considère les avantages de la conservation de cette négociation faustienne et en explore les conséquences. Mots clés: conservation de la biodiversité, conservation néolibérale, économie verte ResumenEste artículo explora la inesperada cercanía y aparente calidez, en las relaciones entre las corporaciones y las organizaciones dedicadas a la conservación de la biodiversidad. Se argumenta que en esta paradójica relación, los conservacionistas muestran una forma extrema de pragmatismo -una disposición de 'dormir con el enemigo'. El artículo considera las implicaciones de esta disposición a través del uso de la metáfora del 'pacto faustiano', un pacto con el diablo para adquirir poder a cambio del alma. Se toma en cuenta el atractivo que para los conservacionistas representa la lógica de una colaboración en la conservación neoliberal basadas en el mercado y una economía verde. Esto, a la luz de una larga tradición de oposición frente a la destructiva relación entre capitalismo y naturaleza. Se consideran los beneficios en cuanto a conservación de este pacto faustiano, y se exploran además sus consecuencias. Palabras clave: conservación con base en mercado, neoliberalismo, economía verde

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Inverting the impacts: Mining, conservation and sustainability claims near the Rio Tinto/QMM ilmenite mine in Southeast Madagascar

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Green Grabbing: a new appropriation of nature?

Sleeping with the enemy? Biodiversity conservation, corporations and the green economy

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