Inverting for Slip on Three-Dimensional Fault Surfaces Using Angular Dislocations

Maerten, Frantz; Resor, Phillip G; Pollard, David D.; Maerten, Laurent

doi:10.1785/0120030181

Cited by 152 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Konca et al [2008] suggested that the derived slip is not affected by introducing a curved fault. In contrast, Lee et al [2006] and Maerten et al [2005] introduced a 3D curved fault surface and showed that inversions with simple fault models may lead to inconsistencies and artificial slip distributions. Our study reveals that the slip inversion is very sensitive to the fault geometry, especially in zones outside the observation network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of megathrust geometry on inversion of coseismic slip from geodetic data: Application to the 1960 Chile earthquake

Moreno¹,

Bolte²,

Klotz³

et al. 2009

Geophysical Research Letters

191

196

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[1] We analyze the role of megathrust geometry on slip estimation using the 1960 Chile earthquake (M W = 9.5) as an example. A variable slip distribution for this earthquake has been derived by Barrientos and Ward (1990) applying an elastic dislocation model with a planar fault geometry. Their model shows slip patches at 80-110 km depth, isolated from the seismogenic zone, interpreted as aseismic slip. We invert the same geodetic data set using a finite element model (FEM) with precise geometry derived from geophysical data. Isoparametric FEM is implemented to constrain the slip distribution of curve-shaped elements. Slip resolved by our precise geometry model is limited to the shallow region of the plate interface suggesting that the deep patches of moment were most likely an artifact of the planar geometry. Our study emphasizes the importance of fault geometry on slip estimation of large earthquakes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of megathrust geometry on inversion of coseismic slip from geodetic data: Application to the 1960 Chile earthquake

Moreno¹,

Bolte²,

Klotz³

et al. 2009

Geophysical Research Letters

191

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This modeling method is based on the analytical solution of a triangular dislocation (TD) element in an elastic full-space (Yoffe, 1960). The TD elements allow us to discretize any curved surface, such as topography and the geometry of complex sources without any discontinuity (Kuriyama and Mizuta, 1993;Maerten et al, 2005). In our model, we simulate the pressurization of the source by defining a traction boundary condition at the source TD elements.…”

Section: Source Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite radar data reveal short-term pre-explosive displacements and a complex conduit system at VolcÃ¡n de Colima, Mexico

et al. 2014

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The geometry of the volcanic conduit is a main parameter controlling the dynamics and the style of volcanic eruptions and their precursors, but also one of the main unknowns. Pre-eruptive signals that originate in the upper conduit region include seismicity and deformation of different types and scales. However, the locality of the source of these signals and thus the conduit geometry often remain unconstrained at steep sloped and explosive volcanoes due to the sparse instrumental coverage in the summit region and difficult access. Here we infer the shallow conduit system geometry of Volcán de Colima, Mexico, based on ground displacements detected in high resolution satellite radar data up to 7 h prior to an explosion in January 2013. We use Boundary Element Method modeling to reproduce the data synthetically and constrain the parameters of the deformation source, in combination with an analysis of photographs of the summit. We favor a two-source model, indicative of distinct regions of pressurization at very shallow levels. The horizontal location of the upper pressurization source coincides with that of post-explosive extrusion. The pattern and degree of deformation reverses again during the eruption; we therefore attribute the displacements to transient (elastic) pre-explosive pressurization of the conduit system. Our results highlight the geometrical complexity of shallow conduit systems at explosive volcanoes and its effect on the distribution of pre-eruptive deformation signals. An apparent absence of such signals at many explosive volcanoes may relate to its small temporal and spatial extent, partly controlled by upper conduit structures. Modern satellite radar instruments allow observations at high spatial and temporal resolution that may be the key for detecting and improving our understanding of the generation of precursors at explosive volcanoes.

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“…To estimate the coseismic slip distribution on a given fault plane, we inverted our horizontal coseismic offsets by using the Poly3Dinv code [Maerten et al, 2005]. This approach is developed on the basis of a solution of an angular three dimensional dislocation in a linear, homogeneous, and isotropic elastic half space.…”

Section: Dislocation Model Of the 1951 Earthquake Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Coseismic displacement and tectonic implication of 1951 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence, eastern Taiwan

Lee¹,

Chen²,

Rau³

et al. 2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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The Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) in eastern Taiwan is an extremely active fault with 3–4 cm of displacements consumed each year along its length. The fault forms the suture zone between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates as a result of an oblique arc continental collision. From 22 October to 5 December 1951, four earthquakes (Ms > 7) shook the LVF. We used triangulation (from 1917 to 1921 to 1976–1978) and interseismic GPS (from 1990 to 1995) data to estimate coseismic displacements of the 1951 earthquake sequences. Coseismic displacement progressively decreases from north to south and the azimuth changes from north to NE, then to a NW direction. According to the inverted faulting mechanism, the Longitudinal Valley fault can be separated into three segments. Both the northern and central segments have a high dip angle to the east, but the southern segment is of listric fault geometry. The northern segment exhibits dominantly left lateral strike‐slip faulting with reverse component, while the middle exhibits thrusting dominantly, and the southern segment exhibits thrusting with left‐lateral motion associated with a smaller coseismic displacement. In addition, this three‐segment deformation model can explain the pattern of recent crustal deformation along the LVF and Coastal Range.

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Inverting for Slip on Three-Dimensional Fault Surfaces Using Angular Dislocations

Cited by 152 publications

References 50 publications

Impact of megathrust geometry on inversion of coseismic slip from geodetic data: Application to the 1960 Chile earthquake

Impact of megathrust geometry on inversion of coseismic slip from geodetic data: Application to the 1960 Chile earthquake

Satellite radar data reveal short-term pre-explosive displacements and a complex conduit system at VolcÃ¡n de Colima, Mexico

Coseismic displacement and tectonic implication of 1951 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence, eastern Taiwan

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