Inversvoltammetrische Untersuchung von Cyanidspuren am hängenden Quecksilbertropfen

Berge, H.; Jeroschewski, Paul

doi:10.1007/bf00509909

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…So far as clinical application of the chloride ion selective electrode (Cl-ISE) is concerned, silver-silver chloride (Ag/ AgCl) has been adapted as a solid-state membrane electrode. For example, Hansen and co-workers (11,12) demonstrated that the Ag/AgCl electrode could be effectively used for sweat analysis in relation to cystic fibrosis, and Lustgarten et al (13) and Dahms et al (14,15) applied the Ag/AgCl electrode to serum analysis. Pungor and co-workers developed a membrane by mixing AgCl with silicon rubber matrix (16,17), and a similar silver halide membrane was also investigated by Rechnitz et al (18).…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the reported applications of CSV for anions which form sparingly soluble compounds with the electrode have been carried Out at hanging mercury drop or mercury pool electrodes. The determination of trace quantities of halide (3)(4)(5), sulfide {6-11), cyanide (12), cyanoferrate(II) and -(III) (13) and selenide ions (14,15), and various thiols (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) by deposition of their insoluble mercury salts has been reported. Several extensive reviews (22)(23)(24) covering stripping analysis have appeared and the reviews by Brainina have extensive sections on CSV.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determination of sulfide by cathodic stripping voltammetry of silver sulfide films at a rotating silver disk electrode

Shimizu¹,

Osteryoung²

1981

Anal. Chem.

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The deposltlon and stripping behavlor of sllver sulflde films at the silver rotatlng dlsk electrode were Investigated. The effect of various factors-rotatlon rate, scan rate, deposltlon potential and time, and concentration of sulflde Ion-on the stripplng peak current and potential were studled. The electrode has been found to be an excellent electrode for cathodlc strlpplng voltammetry for the determlnatlon of submicro amounts of sulfide Ion. Furthermore, dlfferentlal pulse voltammetry significantly enhanced the slgnal/nolse ratlo, and a linear response was obtalned over the concentration range 10-8-10-5 mol dm-' of sulfide Ion in 0.2 mol dm-3 NaOH.We describe a procedure for trace determination of sulfide ion in solution based upon the cathodic stripping of electrodeposited Ag& This procedure evolved from studies of the formation of silver sulfide upon anodization of a silver electrode in sulfide-containing solutions and properties of the electrodeposited silver sulfide films at silver rotating disk electrodes (RDE) (1, 2).Although anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) is a wellestablished technique for the determination of trace levels of metal ions in solution, the equivalent method for the determination of anions by cathodic stripping voltammetry (CSV) is less established. Most of the reported applications of CSV for anions which form sparingly soluble compounds with the electrode have been carried out at hanging mercury drop or mercury pool electrodes. The determination of trace quantities of halide ( 3 4 , sulfide (6-11), cyanide (12), cyanoferrate(I1) and -(III) (13) and selenide ions (14,15), and various thiols (16-21) by deposition of their insoluble mercury salts has been reported. Several extensive reviews (22-24) covering stripping analysis have appeared and the reviews by Brainina have extensive sections on CSV.Trace amounts of iodide were determined by CSV by Shah and Perone (25) as early as 1961. Although they used a silver electrode, it appears that little work with this electrode for CSV has been performed since.The solution containing the analyte is usually vigorously stirred during deposition (ASV) or film formation (CSV) to increase the efficiency of the deposition step. The stripping (ASV) step is usually carried out from a quiescent solution since stirring perturbs the mercury drop or pool electrode (26). Since the rotating electrode hydrodynamics are very well defined, increasing use has been made of thin-film mercury electrodes on rotating glassy carbon substrates. However, there is a significant lack of literature on the use of an RDE for anion determinations employing CSV.This paper reports on the deposition and stripping of silver sulfide films at a silver RDE and describes a procedure for the determination of submicro levels of sulfide. Linear potential scan or differential pulse voltammetry is employed during the reduction step stripping the Ag2S from the electrode surface.EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Reagents. Analytical grade sodium sulfide (Na2S-9H20, Mallinckrodt Inc.) and sodium hydroxide ...

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Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of sulfide by cathodic stripping voltammetry of silver sulfide films at a rotating silver disk electrode

Shimizu¹,

Osteryoung²

1981

Anal. Chem.

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“…Numerous inorganic ions, such as halides [13 ± 17], cyanide [18], thiosulfate and sulfite [19] as well as some of the sulfur containing organic compounds, such as miscellaneous thiols [20 ± 25] and thioamides [26] react according to the Reaction II. Furthermore, when an organic compound plays a role of a reacting ligand the cathodic stripping reaction could be additionally complicated by adsorption of the ligand.…”

Section: Hg (L) L 2àmentioning

confidence: 99%

Square‐Wave Voltammetry of Cathodic Stripping Reactions. Diagnostic Criteria, Redox Kinetic Measurements, and Analytical Applications

et al. 2004

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A comparative study of different types of cathodic stripping reactions under conditions of square-wave voltammetry is presented. Cathodic stripping processes involving reactions of second order as well as reactions coupled by adsorption of the reacting ligand are analyzed The inherent parameters, controlling the overall voltammetric behavior of each cathodic stripping electrode reaction are derived. The criteria for qualitative distinguishing of each mechanism are established as well as a methodology for redox kinetic measurements is proposed. The influence of the parameters of the excitation signal on the properties of the voltammetric response is analyzed in order to find optimal conditions for analytical application. The theoretical results are illustrated by the experiments with a series of uracil derivatives.

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“…Adsorptive preconcentration of organics was then intensively studied by Kalvoda [139]. Preconcentration of anions as insoluble compounds at the mercury surface were studied by Brainina [140] as well as by Berge and Jeroschewski in 1964 and the following years [141]. Reviews on "non-electrolytic" pre-concentrations were published by Brainina [142], Kalvoda and Kopanica [143,144] and Wang [145].…”

Section: Polarography [88 -112]mentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Electroanalytical Methods

Lubert

Kalcher

2010

Electroanalysis

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There are many historical reviews on electrochemistry as well as on analytical chemistry, where-as hardly any survey of the history of electroanalytical methods exists. This contribution is an approach to provide a short overview on the development of the electroanalytical methods, electrodes and electrochemical sensors. Electrogravimetry belongs to the oldest quantitative procedures introduced 1864 by Wolcott Gibbs. Roots are even older and are represented by "voltameters". Closely related to electrogravimetry is coulometry, which is also based on Faradays laws; early applications comprise determinations of atomic masses and of thin metal layers. Conductivity measurements are also a rather old analytical method, applied (with direct current) in the 18 th century already. The effective procedure was developed in the 1860s after the use of alternating current by Friedrich Kohlrausch. The Nernst equation (1889) was the base for direct potentiometry, e.g., determination of sparingly soluble electrolytes. Max Cremer is the inventor of the glass electrode (1906), which is the first electrochemical sensor. Potentiometric indication of titrations by Robert Behrend (1883) was the first instrumental indication in volumetric analysis. The invention of polarography by Jaroslav Heyrovský (1922) is the starting point of the electroanalysis with the dropping mercury electrode. The polarograph, developed in cooperation with Masuro Shikata, was the first automated analytical device. As a follow-up various methods (e.g., pulse and alternating current methods) as well as voltammetry including stripping analysis have gained importance. Further development of electroanalysis is characterized by new electrodes and electrode materials, e.g., stationary mercury electrodes, carbon-paste electrodes, chemically modified electrodes, and increased application of electrochemical sensors.

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Inversvoltammetrische Untersuchung von Cyanidspuren am hängenden Quecksilbertropfen

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of sulfide by cathodic stripping voltammetry of silver sulfide films at a rotating silver disk electrode

Determination of sulfide by cathodic stripping voltammetry of silver sulfide films at a rotating silver disk electrode

Square‐Wave Voltammetry of Cathodic Stripping Reactions. Diagnostic Criteria, Redox Kinetic Measurements, and Analytical Applications

History of Electroanalytical Methods

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