Inverse suspension polymerization of acrylamide

Dimonie, Mihai; Boghina, C.; Marinescu, N.; Marinescu, M.; Cincu, Corneliu; Oprescu, C.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(82)90043-x

Cited by 59 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These compounds are thus potential initiatiors of radical polymerization and can also act as transfer agents. Thus, an increase in emulsifier concentration should lead to a decrease in molecular weight, as has already been observed for polyacrylamide prepared in an inverse emulsion [13,14]. The present effect, although opposite what could be expected, has already been found by Z. Zekhnini [15] and Baade and Reichert [10] on similar systems.…”

Section: Effect Of Acrylamide Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Polymerization of acrylamide in nonionic microemulsions: Characterization of the microlatices and polymers formed

Holtzscherer

Durand

Candau

1987

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Free radical polymerization of acrylamide was carried out in nonionic microemulsions of water, an isoparaffinic oil, Isopar M and a blend of nonionic emulsifiers: a sorbitan sesquioleate and a polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (HLB of the mixture: 9.3). The size and the stability of the latex particles formed after polymerization were studied as a function of monomer, emulsifier and electrolyte concentration. High emulsifier and high monomer contents favor obtaining high molecular weight polyacrylamides. It is shown that both the number of polymer chains contained in each latex particle and the size of the particles are essentially controlled by the acrylamide/emulsifier weight ratio.

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Section: Effect Of Acrylamide Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Polymerization of acrylamide in nonionic microemulsions: Characterization of the microlatices and polymers formed

Holtzscherer

Durand

Candau

1987

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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“…It can then react with T1 or the AM and NaA molecules located at the interface (cosurfactant role) and subsequently propagates in the aqueous phase (path 3a) or terminates with a radical present in the droplet (path 3b). During the propagating reactions at the water–oil interface, a transfer reaction between the growing radical and the EO units of the nonionic surfactants may occur 35. This mechanism implies that the water‐soluble polymers have a hydrophobic comonomer‐rich terminal group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis in inverse emulsion and properties of water‐soluble associating polymers

Pabon

Corpart

Selb

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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An inverse, free-radical emulsion polymerization technique was designed for the preparation of copolymers of acrylamide and sodium acrylate modified with low amounts (Ͻ0.5 mol %) of a series of amphiphilic comonomers, the isooctylphenoxypoly(oxyethylene)(n) methacrylates (1 Յ n Յ 12). The products of the reaction were hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers (HMWSPs) of high molecular weight encapsulated within water droplets dispersed in an organic medium. Kinetic studies showed that the full-conversion samples were rather homogeneous in composition because of the specificity of the process. A mechanistic scheme is proposed that accounts for the incorporation level of the amphiphilic comonomer as a function of its hydrophile-lipophile balance and the nature of the redox initiator (hydrophilic or lipophilic). The rheological properties of the HMWSPs in aqueous solutions were investigated as a function of the comonomer content and the nature of the initiator with steady-flow experiments. The thickening properties were directly correlated to the conditions of synthesis and were optimal when the initiator and the amphiphilic comonomer were located in two distinct phases. A maximum in viscosity was observed for a hydrophobe content of about 0.3 mol %. An examination of the viscosity as a function of the shear rate and time showed that these solutions had all the characteristics of associating polymers. The complex rheological behavior was the result of the balance between interchain and intrachain hydrophobic liaisons and the kinetics of disorganization and reorganization of the network structure.

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“…The inversion of phases ocEffect of Dispersant curred (the aqueous phase, which formerly was the discontinuous phase, becomes the continuous Figure 1 shows photographs of sodium polyacrylate particles prepared using different amounts of phase) just like that of the polymerization of acrylamide. 9 After the prescribed time, precipiSpan60 as the dispersant. It can be seen that the number-average particle size of the resin detates (sodium polyacrylate) appeared when stirring was stopped.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse suspension polymerization of sodium acrylate

Wang

Chen

1997

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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A superwater-absorbent sodium polyacrylate was synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization, using Span60 as the dispersant, cyclohexane as the organic phase, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide as the crosslinking agent, and potassium persulfate as the initiator. The effect of reaction conditions such as reaction time, crosslinking agent, and dispersant on deionized-water and saline solution absorbability, average particle size, and distribution of the sol-gel of the resin is discussed. The deionizedwater and saline solution absorbabilities of sodium polyacrylate prepared at proper conditions were 300-1200 and 50-120, respectively; the number-average particle size was 10-50 mm and the gel portion was 20-85% by weight.

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Inverse suspension polymerization of acrylamide

Cited by 59 publications

References 16 publications

Polymerization of acrylamide in nonionic microemulsions: Characterization of the microlatices and polymers formed

Polymerization of acrylamide in nonionic microemulsions: Characterization of the microlatices and polymers formed

Synthesis in inverse emulsion and properties of water‐soluble associating polymers

Inverse suspension polymerization of sodium acrylate

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