Inverse design of the thermal environment in an airliner cabin by use of the CFD-based adjoint method

Liu, Wei; Duan, Ran; Chen, Chun; Lin, Chao–Hsin; Chen, Qingyan

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.011

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In addition to experimental studies, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used extensively in the cabin environment, to design and optimize air supply, [24][25][26][27][28] predict transient particle transport, [29][30][31] evaluate airborne infectious diseases risks, [32][33][34] and identify source location. 35,36 For example, Qian et al 32 calculated the distributions of the air velocity, air temperature, and CO 2 concentration in a section of a Boeing 767 aircraft cabin with a mixing ventilation system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the commercial airliner cabin environment with different air distribution systems

You

Lin

Wei³

et al. 2019

Indoor Air

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Ventilation systems for commercial airliner cabins are important in reducing contaminant transport and maintaining thermal comfort. To evaluate the performance of a personalized displacement ventilation system, a conventional displacement ventilation system, and a mixing ventilation system, this study first used the Wells-Riley equation integrated with CFD to obtain the SARS quanta value based on a specific SARS outbreak on a flight. This investigation then compared the three ventilation systems in a seven-row section of a fully occupied, economy-class cabin in Boeing 737 and Boeing 767 airplanes. The SARS quanta generation rate obtained for the index patient could be used in future studies. For all the assumed source locations, the passengers' infection risk by air in the two planes was the highest with the mixing ventilation system, while the conventional displacement ventilation system produced the lowest risk. The personalized ventilation system performed the best in maintaining cabin thermal comfort and can also reduce the infection risk. This system is recommended for airplane cabins. K E Y W O R D S computational fluid dynamics (CFD), displacement ventilation, infectious disease transmission, mixing ventilation, personalized ventilation, thermal comfort | 841 YOU et al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the commercial airliner cabin environment with different air distribution systems

You

Lin

Wei³

et al. 2019

Indoor Air

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“…The convection and diffusion terms of the RANS equations closed with the turbulence model and adjoint equations were discretized by the first‐order upwind scheme and the central difference scheme, respectively. Previous studies all used the first‐order upwind scheme to discretize the convection terms of both set of equations, and none of the studies have not reported any accuracy issues. Thus, we used the same scheme and did not explore high‐order numerical scheme.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…required to achieve the optimal design of ventilation for an enclosed environment. Liu et al then adopted this method to improve the thermal comfort level for an airline cabin. Zhao et al also attempted to use the adjoint method combined with area‐constrained topology and cluster analysis to design a thermally comfortable indoor environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One reason may be that the objective functions become trapped in local optima. Another reason may be that the adjoint method, which was used in previous studies, derives only the adjoint equations of the RANS equations with the “frozen turbulence” assumption. With the assumption, the k and ε will not feel changes of the design variables and use the solution (k and ε) of the flow equations when the adjoint equations are solved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse design of indoor environment using an adjointRNGk‐ε turbulence model

Zhao

Chen

2019

Indoor Air

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The adjoint method can determine design variables of an indoor environment according to the optimal design objective, such as minimal predicted mean vote (PMV) for thermal comfort. The method calculates the gradient of the objective function over the design variables so that the objective function can be minimized along the fastest direction using an optimization algorithm. Since the objective function is controlled by the Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes (RANS) equations with the RNG k‐ε model during the optimization process, all the corresponding adjoint equations should be solved, rather than the “frozen turbulence” assumption used in previous studies. This investigation developed adjoint equations for the RNG k‐ε turbulence model and applied it to a two‐dimensional ventilated cavity and a three‐dimensional, two‐person office. Design processes with the adjoint RNG k‐ε turbulence model led to a near‐zero design function for the two cases, while those with the “frozen turbulence” assumption did not. This investigation has successfully used the new method to design a two‐person office with optimal thermal comfort level around the two occupants.

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“…Different programs have been developed to implement the adjoint method in optimizing heat transfer [9], geometric shapes [10], and identifying pollutant sources [11]. The adjoint method has been utilized to inversely design air-supply parameters for cabin ventilation [12]. An optimal design can commonly be completed in fewer than 10 design cycles if the initial design variables are provided within a reasonable range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated inverse design of ventilation for an aircraft cabin

et al. 2019

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Cabin ventilation is crucial for maintaining thermal comfort and air quality for passengers and crew. The genetic algorithm, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), and adjoint method have been proposed to inversely design the cabin ventilation. However, each method has its cons and pros. This paper proposed to integrate the above three methods in cascades. The genetic algorithm was applied first in the first stage to roughly circumscribe the ranges of design parameters. Then POD was applied in the next stage to further narrow the ranges and estimate the optimal parametric sets for each design criterion. The estimated optimal design from POD was supplied to the adjoint method for fine tuning. The air-supply parameters of a five-row aircraft cabin were inversely designed to achieve the minimum absolute value of the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the minimum averaged mean age of air. The results showed that the integrated method was able to improve the design stage by stage. The integrated method has superior advantages to assure the optimal design while minimizing the computing expense.

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Inverse design of the thermal environment in an airliner cabin by use of the CFD-based adjoint method

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluating the commercial airliner cabin environment with different air distribution systems

Evaluating the commercial airliner cabin environment with different air distribution systems

Inverse design of indoor environment using an adjointRNGk‐ε turbulence model

Integrated inverse design of ventilation for an aircraft cabin

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