Inverse association of farm milk consumption with asthma and allergy in rural and suburban populations across Europe

Waser, Marco; Michels, Karin B.; Bieli, Christian; Flöistrup, H.; Pershagen, Göran; Mutius, Erika von; Ege, Markus; Riedler, Josef; Schram-Bijkerk, Dieneke; Brunekreef, Bert; Hage, Marianne van; Lauener, Roger; Braun-Fahrländer, C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02640.x

Cited by 236 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Consumption of unpasteurized farm milk in farmers' and nonfarmers' children has also been shown to be protective in several of the farmers' studies [10,14,17,56,57]. The etiological mechanisms are unclear, but probiotic bacteria or other currently unidentified non-microbial components in farm milk may play a role.…”

Section: Protective Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of farming on allergies and asthma: have we learnt anything since 1873?

Douwes

Brooks

Pearce

2009

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

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Section: Protective Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of farming on allergies and asthma: have we learnt anything since 1873?

Douwes

Brooks

Pearce

2009

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

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“…Exposure to pesticides has also been associated with many respiratory symptoms including sinus problems [3,9]. On the other hand, several studies have identified some of the exposures associated with a farming lifestyle that contributed to the reduced risk of rhinitis, asthma, and allergic diseases in farm children (i.e., contact with livestock; contact with animal feed such as hay, grain, straw, and silage; and the consumption of unprocessed cow's milk) [1,4,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. The reduced risk in farm children has been attributed to higher endotoxin levels and more diverse exposures to microbial components in the farm environment [1,4,[10][11][12]15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada

et al. 2018

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Although sinus problems have long been recognized as the most common respiratory symptoms associated with agricultural work, there is a scarcity of recent studies and/or reliable estimates as to the true prevalence or risk factors of sinus problems related to farming. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sinus problems in farming and non-farming rural populations and further investigate the association of individual (for example life-style, occupational), contextual (e.g., environmental), and important covariates (e.g., age, sex) with sinus problems. A large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted in farm and non-farm residents of rural Saskatchewan, Canada. A logistic regression model based on a generalized estimating equations approach were fitted to investigate the risk factors of sinus problems. Sinus problems were reported by 2755 (34.0%) of the 8101 subjects. Farm residents were more likely to spend their first year of life on farm compared with non-farm residents, and indicated a significantly lower risk of sinus problems. Meanwhile, occupational exposure to solvent and mold were associated with an increased risk of sinus problems. Some health conditions such as allergy and stomach acidity/reflux, family history, and female sex were also related to a higher risk of sinus problems. Farm residents had a significantly lower risk of sinus problems than non-farm residents, likely due to the exposure to farm specific environments in their early life.

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“…Interventions with supplementation of a single nutrient have been disappointing (3)(4)(5), and it may be important to consider the diet as a whole to understand the possible synergistic effects of various food components. Several studies have shown that asthma outcomes were negatively associated with citrus fruits (6), apples, pears (7)(8)(9), tomato, carrots, leafy vegetables (7), butter, whole milk (9) and nonpasteurized farm milk (10), and positively associated with fast foods (11). However, studies addressing the associations between different dietary patterns and asthma are still lacking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and fresh fruit intake are associated with improved asthma control

Barros

Moreira

Fonseca

et al. 2008

Allergy

121

104

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Background: The traditional Mediterranean diet is claimed to possess antioxidant and immune‐regulatory properties in several chronic diseases. Typical Mediterranean foods have recently been associated with improvement of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in children. However the effect of adherence to Mediterranean diet on adult asthma outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet and asthma control.Methods: Cross sectional study of 174 asthmatics, mean (SD) age of 40 (15) years. The patients were defined as controlled, in contrast to noncontrolled, if they showed FEV1 ≥ 80% of predicted, exhaled nitric oxide (NO) ≤35 ppb, and Asthma Control Questionnaire score <1. Dietary intake was obtained by a food frequency questionnaire, and Mediterranean diet was assessed by alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) Score. Logistic regression models adjusting for confounders were performed to estimate the association between Mediterranean diet and asthma control.Results: Controlled asthmatics (23%) had significantly higher aMED Score, intake of fresh fruit, and lower intake of ethanol compared to noncontrolled (77%). High adherence to Mediterranean diet reduced 78% the risk of noncontrolled asthma after adjusting for gender, age, education, inhaled corticosteroids and energy intake (OR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.05–0.85; P‐trend = 0.028). The higher intake of fresh fruit decreased the probability of having noncontrolled asthma (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.10–0.83; P‐trend = 0.015), while the higher intake of ethanol had the opposite effect (OR = 3.16; 95% CI = 1.10–9.11; P‐trend = 0.035).Conclusion: High adherence to traditional Mediterranean diet increased the likelihood of asthma to be under control in adults. The study introduces a novel link between diet and asthma control, as measured by symptoms, lung function and exhaled NO.

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Inverse association of farm milk consumption with asthma and allergy in rural and suburban populations across Europe

Cited by 236 publications

References 35 publications

Protective effects of farming on allergies and asthma: have we learnt anything since 1873?

Protective effects of farming on allergies and asthma: have we learnt anything since 1873?

Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and fresh fruit intake are associated with improved asthma control

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