“…These findings are consistent with cross-sectional studies suggesting that cognitively normal individuals with higher CR are able to tolerate higher levels of AD-pathology, as measured by levels of ;CSF Aβ 1–42 (Arenaza-Urquijo, et al, 2013; Vemuri, et al, 2011), CSF tau (Vemuri, et al, 2011), amyloid imaging (Rentz, et al, 2010), or FDG-PET metabolism (Ewers, et al, 2013). They are also consistent with studies of individuals with MCI or AD dementia, which have reported that, after controlling for neuropsychological test performance or disease severity, individuals with high-CR have lower levels of CSF Aβ 1–42 compared to individuals with low CR (Dumurgier, et al, 2010; Rolstad, et al, 2009a, 2009b). Moreover, these results converge with recent neuropathological findings showing that asymptomatic individuals with AD pathology (i.e., tau tangles and amyloid plaques) tend to have higher levels of education than symptomatic individuals (Monsell, et al, 2013).…”