Background: This study aimed to explore the research and development (R&D) and application of the in–out storage management system for departments to perform efficient, scientific, and information-based consumable management.Method: The expert and R&D teams of consumable management were set up, and the information-based in–out storage management system for consumables was designed and developed. Further, the system was tested, adjusted, and used. The system was operated on a personal computer. It was divided into three modules: public consumables, bed consumables, and quality control management, including the functions of in–out storage, early warning, query, and statistics of consumables. Economic indicators, work efficiency of consumable management, nurse burnout, consumable warehouse management, and satisfaction of the staff before and after the application of the management system were compared.Results: After 2 years of application of the management system, the daily price of department consumables per bed decreased from 53.43 ± 10.27 yuan to 31.98 ± 7.36 yuan, a decrease of 40.15%, saving the management cost of the department. The time spent on consumable management daily was shortened from 119.5 (106.75–123.5) min to 20 (17.25–24.25) min. The monitoring and control of the department consumables revealed that the matching between collection and use reached 95%–105%. The scores of emotional fatigue and job indifference of nurses decreased from 22.90 ± 1.65 and 8.75 ± 1.25 to 17.20 ± 2.04 and 6.00 ± 1.30, respectively. The number of monthly applications for consumable collection decreased by 75%, and the satisfaction of the warehouse keeper and collection staff increased from 76.62% and 80.78% to 98.8% and 98.5%, respectively. All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The in–out storage management system effectively improved the quality and efficiency of the consumable management of the department and promoted its scientific and standardized operation gradually.