Inventarisasi Penyakit pada Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)  Pada Tiga Daerah di Jawa Barat

Laksono, Krisna Dwi; Nasahi, Ceppy; Susniahti, Nenet

doi:10.24198/agrikultura.v21i1.975

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The disease severity (I) on the hybrid plants was assessed at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting following Laksono et al (2010):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improve Yield and Downy Mildew Resistance of F1 Madura Maize Hybrids

Amzeri¹,

Badami²

2020

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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Maize production in Madura Island is low. The study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performances (flowering age, harvesting age, and yield), heterosis effect, and resistance to downy mildew disease of F1 Madura maize hybrids. Ten F1 maize hybrids and seven respective parents were evaluated at the experimental center of the Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Trunojoyo Madura, from July to December 2017. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, three replications, with a 50–100 plant population per unit. The parents were T12, T16, G10, G14, E02, Td04 and L1 genotypes having resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis). The results showed that the flowering age of the F1 Madura maize hybrids ranged 35–39 days, the harvesting age was 74–81 days, and the yield ranged from 2.90–6.40 t ha-1. Three hybrids showed the highest yield (T12 x L1 = 6.40 t ha-1, T16 x L1 = 5.42 t ha-1, and E02 x L1 = 5.90 t ha-1), and resistance to downy mildew, i.e. T12 x L1 (26.67%), T16 x L1 (26.67%), and E02 x L1 (26.67%). Two hybrids showed the highest heterosis values for yield, i.e. T12 x L1 (65.80%) and E02 x L1 (54.65%). The study suggests that three F1 Madura maize hybrids (T12 x L1, T16 x L1 and E02 x L1) are prospective to be developed further for high yield and resistance to downy mildew.

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“…The disease severity (I) on the hybrid plants was assessed at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting following Laksono et al (2010):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improve Yield and Downy Mildew Resistance of F1 Madura Maize Hybrids

Amzeri¹,

Badami²

2020

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) adalah salah satu tanaman alternatif penghasil minyak nabati yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia (Laksono, et al, 2010). Biji jarak pagar mengandung 30-35% minyak, sisanya berupa bungkil yang dapat digunakan sebagai pakan ternak dan kulit biji bisa digunakan sebagai bahan bakar.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Suhu Ruang Simpan dan Fungisida Mancozeb Terhadap Viabilitas Benih Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

Sri Nur Qadri,

Yamin

2023

Perbal

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Rendahnya viabilitas benih merupakan masalah utama dalam budidaya tanaman jarak pagar, yang salah satu penyebabnya adalah kontaminasi cendawan pada saat penyimpanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fungisida mancozeb 80% terhadap daya simpan benih jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat Malang, pada bulan Agustus 2021 sampai Juni 2022. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (Factorial Randomized Block Design) diulang empat kali. Perlakuan terdiri atas dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah suhu penyimpanan dengan tiga level suhu yaitu (1) 23oC, (2) 18oC, dan 3) 3oC. Faktor kedua adalah fungisida mancozeb 80% dengan empat level dosis yaitu (1) 5 g/kg, (2) 10 g/kg, (3) 15 g/kg dan (4) tanpa fungisida (kontrol). Parameter yang diamati adalah : kadar air benih, daya berkecambah, panjang kecambah, panjang akar kecambah dan indeks vigor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air benih jarak pagar yang disimpan pada gudang bersuhu 3oC dan 18oC lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang disimpan pada gudang bersuhu 23oC. Daya berkecambah benih jarak pagar yang disimpan pada gudang bersuhu 3oC dan 18oC selama sembilan bulan masing-masing sebesar 86% dan 81% sehingga masih memenuhi standar mutu benih yang dapat diperdagangkan. Penyimpanan benih sampai sembilan bulan pada suhu 3oC dan 18oC, indeks vigornya lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan indeks vigor benih yang disimpan pada suhu 23oC. Pemberian fungisida mancozeb 80% dosis 15g/kg menyebabkan indeks vigor benih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan dosis 10g/kg, 5g/kg dan tanpa fungisida. Low seed viability is the main problem in the cultivation of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) which usually caused by fungi during storage. The aims of this study was to determine the effect of fungiside mancozeb 80% on phisic nut seeds viability during storage. The experiment was conducted at The Indonesian Sweeteners and Fiber Crops Research Institute Malang, from August 2012 to June 2013. Treatments were arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with four times of replications. The main plots were three storage with different temperatures namely (1) 23oC, (2) 18oC, and 3) 3oC. As the subplot were fungicide mancozeb 80% with four different doses namely: (1) 5 g/kg, (2) 10 g/kg, (3) 15 g/kg and (4) without fungicide (control). Seed moisture content of physic nut seeds were stored in storage 3oC and 18oC temperature was lower than that were stored in the storage 20oC temperature. Germination of physic nut seeds stored at 3oC and 18oC temperature for nine months were 86% and 81% respectively which still meet the quality of Seed Trading Standards. Up to nine months of storage, the seeds were stored at a temperature of 3°C and 18oC reached higher vigor index compared with the vigor index of seeds stored at a temperature of 23oC. Fungiside mancozeb 80% dose 15g/kg led to decrease seed vigor index compared with dose 10g/kg, 5g/kg and without fungiside.

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“…Although the plant is claimed resistant to pests and diseases, growing in large areas will create such problem (Prihandana & Hendroko 2006). Several diseases such as bacterial wilt, charcoal rot, bacterial blight, Fusarium wilt, anthracnose, leaf spots, and mildew have been reported in some developed areas (Yulianti et al 2007;Hartati et al 2008.;Ginting & Maryono 2009;Hendra 2009;Laksono et al 2010). Based on our observation, bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi (Yabuuchi et al 1995) considered as major disease of physic nut since it mild-severely occured in Lampung, Central Java, and West Java.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecobiology of Bacterial Wilt of Physic Nut in Indonesia ; Ekobiologi Layu Bakteri pada Jarak Pagar di Indonesia

Yulianti¹

2016

Bul. Tan. Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri

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Budi daya jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) dengan sistem monokultur pada hamparan yang luas telah menim -bulkan ledakan suatu penyakit. Layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan salah satu penyakit utama jarak pagar dan ditemukan di beberapa daerah pengembangan. Gejala yang terlihat pada tanaman yang terinfeksi adalah layu dan daun menguning sebelum waktunya atau daun layu tanpa adanya perubahan warna dan masih melekat di batang. Jaringan pembuluh berubah warna kecokelatan. Akar utama dan sekunder busuk berwarna cokelat kehitaman. Pada tanaman yang terinfeksi cukup berat, daun-daunya akan gugur, bagian batang menjadi cokelat, dan akhirnya tanaman mati. Berdasar reaksi oksi-dasi sumber gula, biovar R. solanacearum yang diisolasi dari tanaman jarak pagar dari Malang, Jawa Timur mirip dengan biovar 5, sedangkan yang dari Pati, Jawa Tengah, berbeda dengan biovar standar yang ada. Bakteri ini menginfeksi tomat, cabai merah, dan terong, tetapi tidak menginfeksi tembakau ataupun jagung. Observasi lapangan untuk mengetahui perkembangan layu bakteri pada tanaman jarak pagar dan penyebar-annya menunjukkan bahwa fluktuasi kejadian penyakit berkorelasi positif dengan curah hujan. Streptomycin sulfat atau kombinasi beberapa jenis antagonis merupakan cara pengendalian yang baik. Selain itu, mengoleskan CaCO3 pada luka akibat pemangkasan dapat mencegah penyakit berkembang lebih lanjut. Arah pene-litian ke depan untuk pengendalian penyakit ini adalah pengendalian terpadu yang menitik-beratkan kepada pertanian dan lingkungan yang keberlanjutan, misalnya penambahan antagonis, mikroorganisme berguna, bahan organik, serta pemupukan seimbang. Growing physic nut (Jatropha curcas) under monoculture system in large areas has generated disease out-break. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the major diseases found in several regions. The symptom of the infected plant is wilting and premature leaf yellowing or leaves wilting without changing colour and still attaching to the stem. The vascular tissues show a brown discoloration. The primary and secondary roots may become brown to black. Severe infection causes leaves of diseased plant to fall, the stem to become brown and eventually death. Based on oxidation reaction of sugar source the biovar of R. solanacearum isolated from physic nut in Malang (East Java) was simil ar to biovar 5, but isolate from Pati, Central Java was different from the standard biovar. The pathogen infected tomato, red chili, and egg plant but not tobacco or maize. A field observation to determine the development of bacterial wilt in physic nut and its spread pattern demonstrated that disease fluctuation incidence was positively correlated to rainfall. Streptomycin sulphate or combination of antagonists gave a good disease control. Furthermore, smearing CaCO3 on wound caused by prunning could prevent disease development. The best control measure is inte-gration of several control measures which encourage sustainable agriculture and environment, including the addition of antagonists, effective microorganism, organic matter, and balanced fertilizer.

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Inventarisasi Penyakit pada Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Pada Tiga Daerah di Jawa Barat

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Improve Yield and Downy Mildew Resistance of F1 Madura Maize Hybrids

Improve Yield and Downy Mildew Resistance of F1 Madura Maize Hybrids

Pengaruh Suhu Ruang Simpan dan Fungisida Mancozeb Terhadap Viabilitas Benih Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

Ecobiology of Bacterial Wilt of Physic Nut in Indonesia ; Ekobiologi Layu Bakteri pada Jarak Pagar di Indonesia

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