Inventário Rápido de Vespas Sociais em Três Ambientes com Diferentes Vegetações

Abstract

Resumo. Apesar de essenciais, trabalhos que objetivem conhecer a riqueza de vespas em meios naturais e agrícolas são incipientes, refletindo em escassez de tempo, recursos e logística adequada para a sua elaboração. Assim, nosso estudo buscou conhecer as espécies de vespas sociais em área com fragmento florestal, plantio de eucaliptos e pomar, além de testar a hipótese de que inventários rápidos, utilizando-se a busca ativa e armadilhas atrativas são estratégias viáveis para amostrar espécies com maior abundância. Foram coletadas 365 vespas sociais, distribuídas em quatro gêneros e 10 espécies, de modo que o pomar registrou maior riqueza específica (s=8), diversidade (H'=0,5131) e abundância (n=218). Tanto Agelaia vicina (Saussure), quanto Polybia ignobilis (Haliday) e Polistes versicolor (Oliver) foram relatadas nas três áreas. O gênero Agelaia contabilizou mais de 70% dos indivíduos coletados, resultados equivalentes aos de trabalhos conduzidos em fitofisionomias similares, validando a hipótese apresentada. Os inventários constituem-se, ferramentas eficazes na amostragem de espécies de vespas sociais abundantes, refletindo na diminuição de custos e logística em trabalhos de levantamento, contribuindo com ampliação do número de estudos sobre conservação e monitoramento ambiental, além dos relacionados a programas de manejo integrado de pragas. Palavras-chave:Eucalipto; Fragmento Florestal; Polistinae; Pomar. A Fast Inventory of Social Wasps in Three Environments with Different VegetationAbstract. Although essential, researches that seek to discover the richness of wasps in natural and agricultural environments are incipient, reflecting in shortage of time, resources and adequate logistics for its formulation. Therefore, our study sought to know the species of social wasps in areas with forest fragments, eucalyptus plantations and orchard, in addition to test the hypothesis that fast inventories involving active search and attractive traps are viable strategies for sampling species with greater abundance. We collected 365 social wasps, distributed amongst four genera and 10 species, and the orchard reported the greatest specific richness (s=8), diversity (H'=0.5131) and abundance (n=218). Agelaia vicina (Saussure), Polybia ignobilis (Haliday) and Polistes versicolor (Oliver) were found in the three areas. The genus Agelaia accounted over 70% of the collected individuals, results equivalent to those carried out in similar works regarding phytophysiognomy, thus validating the presented hypothesis. The inventories are effective tools on sampling abundant social wasps species, reflecting on the decrease of costs and logistics in diversity studies, contributing with an increase of the number of conservation and environmental monitoring research, in addition to the ones related to integrated pest management programs.

Diversity of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera:Vespidae) in agroecosystem and forest ecosystem of Western Ghats region of Goa, India

“…The heterogeneous environment of the forest with higher plant diversity has a higher number of niches to encourage the highest number of coexisting species (Latham andRicklefs 1993, Braganca et al 1998). Similar studies on Vespidae from the other parts of the tropics have also shown that Vespid wasps diversity tend to be lower in agroecosystems as compared to natural vegetation (Silva et al 2013, Souza et al 2011, Santos 1996. Therefore, the high species richness of Vespidae in forest ecosystem could be attributed to the heterogeneous environment which improved resources availability such as food and nesting materials as well as minimum disturbance by humans whereas comparatively lower Vespidae diversity of agroecosystem could be due to its homogenous environment with only 2 crops and human disturbance in the form periodic management practices such as removal of weeds.…”

Diversity and Structure of Social Wasps Community (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae) in Neotropical Dry Forest

“…Surveys registered lower diversity of social wasps in monocultures when compared to natural vegetation (Santos, 1996;Souza et al, 2011;Silva et al, 2013.). Hence, our results suggest that intercropping may have an important role in the maintaining of community Polistinae in Paraiba Caatinga.…”

Occurrence of Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in a Sugarcane Culture

“…Social wasp species richness can be considered high in the studied environment, being greater than that found in orchards (Santos 1996;Silva et al, 2013), eucalyptus plantations (De Souza et al, 2012) and silvipasture areas (Auad et al, 2010), even with the last two showing higher plant diversity than sugarcane cultures. This can be explained by the environmental diversity around plantations, with a great variety of resource sites for herbivore insects and, consequently, their predators.…”