Invasive rhinosinusitis by<i>Exserohilum rostratum</i>in an immunocompetent child

Gupta, Ayush; Xess, Immaculata; Sharma, Suresh C.; Mallick, Saumyaranjan

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-202380

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Invasive fungal disease is rare and appears mainly in patients with impaired immune function. But there are also case reports describing invasive fungal disease, such as invasive sinusitis or rhinosinusitis (30, 31) or craniocerebral aspergillosis of sinonasal origin, in immunocompetent patients (32). These data tell us that the powerful immune defense system of humans has in fact evolved effective mechanisms to avoid ubiquitous fungi to be pathogenic in most immune-competent subjects, but the arms race between fungi and the immune system of vertebrates is still visible.…”

Section: Fungi In An Evolutionary Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS

Daschner

2017

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Among potential environmental harmful factors, fungi deserve special consideration. Their intrinsic ability to actively germinate or infect host tissues might determine a prominent trigger in host defense mechanisms. With the appearance of fungi in evolutionary history, other organisms had to evolve strategies to recognize and cope with them. Existing controversies around dampness and mold hypersensitivity syndrome (DMHS) can be due to the great variability of clinical symptoms but also of possible eliciting factors associated with mold and dampness. An hypothesis is presented, where an evolutionary analysis of the different response patterns seen in DMHS is able to explain the existing variability of disease patterns. Classical interpretation of immune responses and symptoms are addressed within the field of pathophysiology. The presented evolutionary analysis seeks for the ultimate causes of the vast array of symptoms in DMHS. Symptoms can be interpreted as induced by direct (toxic) actions of spores, mycotoxins, or other fungal metabolites, or on the other side by the host-initiated response, which aims to counterbalance and fight off potentially deleterious effects or fungal infection. Further, individual susceptibility of immune reactions can confer an exaggerated response, and magnified symptoms are then explained in terms of immunopathology. IgE-mediated allergy fits well in this scenario, where individuals with an atopic predisposition suffer from an exaggerated response to mold exposure, but studies addressing why such responses have evolved and if they could be advantageous are scarce. Human history is plenty of plagues and diseases connected with mold exposure, which could explain vulnerability to mold allergy. Likewise, multiorgan symptoms in DMHS are analyzed for its possible adaptive role not only in the defense of an active infection, but also as evolved mechanisms for avoidance of potentially harmful environments in an evolutionary past or present setting.

show abstract

Section: Fungi In An Evolutionary Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS

Daschner

2017

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This fungus is a cross-kingdom jump pathogen of plants and humans. The fungus was newly reported from humans: keratomycosis (Joseph et al, 2012), fungal meningitis (Casadevall and Pirofski, 2013) and invasive rhinusinsitis (Gupta et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratinophilic and Thermophilic Fungi from Animal Manures and Floor Dust in the Vicinity of Ayatt, Giza, Egypt.

2016

Egypt. J. Bot.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ORTY SEVEN samples of animal manures and thirty eight ......samples of floor dust were randomly collected from the vicinity of Ayatt City during September-November 2013. Keratinophilic and thermophilic fungi were isolated. A total of 26 sp belonging to 15 genera and 23 sp belonging to 17 genera of keratinophilic and thermophilic fungi were identified, respectively. Out of 76 encounters of animal manures Thamnostylum piriforme was the most frequent (10.52 %) followed by Aspergillus brasiliensis = Chrysosporium keratinophilum (7.89%) each. 78 encounters were isolated from floor dust. The most frequent was Arachniotus dankaliensis (10.25%) followed by Candida albicans (7.69%). 76 isolates of thermophilic fungi were isolated from animal manure. Aspergillus fumigatus is the most frequent (9.21%) followed by Aspergillus flavus var. columnaris (7.89%). 75 isolates were identified from floor dust. Again, Aspergillus fumigatus is the most frequent (9.33%). Aspergillus brasiliensis = A. carneus = A. flavus var. columnaris = Rasamsonia byssochlamydoides = Chrysosporium zonatum (6.66%) each comes second. The clinical importance of certain fungi was discussed.

show abstract

“…To the best of our knowledge, only nine cases of sinusitis caused by E. rostratum, including our case, have been reported in the English literature ( Table 1). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Five of the patients, including ours, had a predisposing risk factor common to IFI, such as neutropenia and administration of immunosuppressive agents (eg, glucocorticoid). In contrast, the remaining patients did not have such risk factors, even including a healthy individual.…”

Section: Literature Review Of Cases Of Sinusitis Caused By E Rostrmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Our extensive literature search identified nine reported cases of sinusitis caused by E. rostratum , including our present case . Table summarizes the characteristics of those cases.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sinusitis caused by Exserohilum rostratum after cord blood transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report and literature review

Kohashi

Toyama

Hashimoto

et al. 2017

Transplant Infectious Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive fungal disease is a serious infectious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Exserohilum rostratum is a species causing phaeohyphomycosis, which rarely causes invasive disease in humans. We treated a case of sinusitis caused by E. rostratum after cord blood transplantation (CBT). A 60-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome, who had a medical history of an operation to correct deviation of the nasal septum, developed sinusitis caused by E. rostratum under prolonged profound neutropenia after a second CBT because of the graft rejection of the first transplantation. Liposomal amphotericin B improved the sinusitis. A literature review revealed nine reported cases of sinusitis caused by E. rostratum, including our case. Although five cases had severe neutropenia at onset (HSCT recipients, n = 2; aplastic anemia, n = 3), the remaining four had no preexisting immunosuppressive conditions. However, three of the four patients had preexisting nasal diseases with or without a history of surgery, as in our case. Excluding our case, the outcome was fatal in five neutropenic patients, whereas the four patients without neutropenia recovered. Although sinusitis caused by E. rostratum is rare, E. rostratum should be recognized as a possible pathogen causing sinusitis in highly immunosuppressed patients such as HSCT recipients. Preexisting nasal disease and/or nasal surgery could be risks for this infection.

show abstract

Invasive rhinosinusitis byExserohilum rostratumin an immunocompetent child

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS

An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS

Keratinophilic and Thermophilic Fungi from Animal Manures and Floor Dust in the Vicinity of Ayatt, Giza, Egypt.

Sinusitis caused by Exserohilum rostratum after cord blood transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report and literature review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About