Invasive Plants Have Scale-Dependent Effects on Diversity by Altering Species-Area Relationships

Powell, Kristin I.; Chase, Jonathan M.; Knight, Tiffany M.

doi:10.1126/science.1226817

Cited by 280 publications

(296 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, the decline in abundance but unchanged richness of native species may reflect a reduction of dominant native species. This increase in evenness could be the result of a high-niche overlap between dominant native and non-native species, with fitness differences favouring abundant non-native species over abundant native competitors [49]. Other mechanisms, such as temporal or spatial niche partitioning, might also be at play among dominant and rare species in these two groups, and warrant further examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate modifies response of non-native and native species richness to nutrient enrichment

Flores‐Moreno

Reich

Lind

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 17 to a theme issue 'Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in dynamic landscapes'. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia Ecosystem eutrophication often increases domination by non-natives and causes displacement of native taxa. However, variation in environmental conditions may affect the outcome of interactions between native and non-native taxa in environments where nutrient supply is elevated. We examined the interactive effects of eutrophication, climate variability and climate average conditions on the success of native and non-native plant species using experimental nutrient manipulations replicated at 32 grassland sites on four continents. We hypothesized that effects of nutrient addition would be greatest where climate was stable and benign, owing to reduced niche partitioning. We found that the abundance of non-native species increased with nutrient addition independent of climate; however, nutrient addition increased nonnative species richness and decreased native species richness, with these effects & 2016 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.on May 12, 2018 http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ Downloaded from dampened in warmer or wetter sites. Eutrophication also altered the time scale in which grassland invasion responded to climate, decreasing the importance of long-term climate and increasing that of annual climate. Thus, climatic conditions mediate the responses of native and non-native flora to nutrient enrichment. Our results suggest that the negative effect of nutrient addition on native abundance is decoupled from its effect on richness, and reduces the time scale of the links between climate and compositional change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate modifies response of non-native and native species richness to nutrient enrichment

Flores‐Moreno

Reich

Lind

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Key to understanding patterns of community responses to global change is correctly measuring the species pool. Indeed, recent studies have shown that patterns of diversity responses to GCDs can be altered by the area sampled alone Knight 2013, Powell et al 2013). As suggested by Chase and Knight (2013) collecting abundance data is potentially key to obtaining unbiased effect sizes of GCDs on communities, and may make researchers less prone to draw conclusions from probabilistic sampling effects.…”

Section: Integrating Rank Abundance Curves With Community Dissimilarimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We consider gamma diversity to be the total species pool for the experiment and thus static, and we consider alpha diversity to be the number of species in a treatment and therefore changeable over time. While studies typically find that GCDs reduce alpha diversity (Chalcraft et al 2008, Powell et al 2013, these reductions are often not drastic. For example, across 40 grassland sites, three years of NPK additions resulted on average a loss of two species (Borer et al 2014), and such minor losses are commonly found (see Zavaleta et al 2003, v www.esajournals.org Avolio et al 2014).…”

Section: Detecting the Magnitude And Predictability Of Community Chanmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for quantifying the magnitude and variability of community responses to global change drivers

et al. 2015

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Wilcox. 2015. A framework for quantifying the magnitude and variability of community responses to global change drivers. Ecosphere 6(12):280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES15-00317.1Abstract. A major challenge in global change ecology is to predict the trajectory and magnitude of community change in response to global change drivers (GCDs). Here, we present a new framework that not only increases the predictive power of individual studies, but also allows for synthesis across GCD studies and ecosystems. First, we suggest that by quantifying community dissimilarity of replicates both among and within treatments, we can infer both the magnitude and predictability of community change, respectively. Second, we demonstrate the utility of integrating rank abundance curves with measures of community dissimilarity to understand the species-level dynamics driving community changes and propose a series of testable hypotheses linking changes in rank abundance curves with shifts in community dissimilarity. Finally, we review six case studies that demonstrate how our new conceptual framework can be applied. Overall, we present a new framework for holistically predicting community responses to GCDs that has broad applicability in this era of unprecedented global change and novel environmental conditions.

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“…Besides affecting nearby plants, another impact of the invasion of exotic plant species is the low biodiversity in the ecosystem. 3,10 Low biodiversity causes a decline in the quality of environmental services that could be given to the surrounding environment. 11 This affects the stability of the ecosystem so the ecosystem is more susceptible to perturbations or disturbances and has more difficulty recovering quickly (low in ecosystem resilience).…”

Section: Figure 2 Attack Of Invasive Exotic Plant Species In Reclamamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic plant species attack revegetation plants in post-coal mining areas

Yusuf

Arisoesilaningsih

2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The improvement of the quality of polluted irrigation water through a phytoremediation process in a hydroponic batch culture system AIP Conference Proceedings 1908, 030003 (2017) Abstract. This study aimed to explore some invasive exotic plant species that have the potential to disrupt the growth of revegetation plants in post-coal mining areas. This research was conducted in a revegetation area of PT, Amanah Anugerah Adi Mulia (A3M) Kintap site, South Borneo. Direct observation was carried out on some revegetation areas by observing the growth of revegetation plants disturbed by exotic plant species and the spread of exotic plant species. Based on observation, several invasive exotic plant species were identified including Mikania cordata, Centrosema pubescence, Calopogonium mucunoides, Mimosa pudica, Ageratum conyzoides, and Chromolaena odorata. These five plant species grew wild in the revegetation area and showed ability to disrupt the growth of other plants. In some tree species, such as Acacia mangium, Paraserianthes falcataria, M. cordata could inhibit the growth and even kill the trees through covering the tree canopy. So, the trees could not receive optimum sun light for photosynthesis processes. M. cordata was also observed to have the most widespread distribution. Several exotic plant species such as C. mucunoides, M. pudica, and A. conyzoides were observed to have deep root systems compared with plant species used for revegetation. This growth characteristic allowed exotic plant species to win the competition for nutrient absorption with other plant species.

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Invasive Plants Have Scale-Dependent Effects on Diversity by Altering Species-Area Relationships

Cited by 280 publications

References 32 publications

Climate modifies response of non-native and native species richness to nutrient enrichment

Climate modifies response of non-native and native species richness to nutrient enrichment

A framework for quantifying the magnitude and variability of community responses to global change drivers

Exotic plant species attack revegetation plants in post-coal mining areas

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