Invasive Infections of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) Actinomycetemcomitans

Abstract

The diagnosis of invasive A. actinomycetemcomitans infection was delayed due to the indolent clinical course, non-specific presentation and slow growth of the organism. Antibiotic therapy using amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, cefotaxime, or levofloxacin was successful in all patients. None of the patients demonstrated recurrence of infection 2-36 months following treatment.

ygiW and qseBC are co-expressed in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and regulate biofilm growth

“…Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe of the Pasteurellaceae family and is the primary aetiological agent of localized aggressive periodontitis and severe non-oral infections, including endocarditis, soft tissue abscesses, meningitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, urinary tract infections and osteomyelitis (Haffajee & Socransky, 1994; Hyvärinen et al, 2012;Henderson et al, 2003;Nørskov-Lauritsen & Kilian, 2006;Paturel et al, 2004;Rahamat-Langendoen et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2010). The molecular mechanisms involved in A. actinomycetemcomitans virulence and pathogenesis are not well defined, but A. actinomycetemcomitans expresses two autotransporter adhesins (Aae and ApiA) and fimbriae (encoded by the tad locus) that are involved in the colonization and formation of biofilms on oral tissues (Fine et al, 2010;Perez et al, 2006;Saito et al, 2010;Yue et al, 2007).…”

Miropin, a Novel Bacterial Serpin from the Periodontopathogen Tannerella forsythia, Inhibits a Broad Range of Proteases by Using Different Peptide Bonds within the Reactive Center Loop

“…In severe cases the disease can lead to a loss of dentition (16). In addition, periodontitis is also associated with an increased risk of lung diseases (17), preterm low birth weight (18), endocarditis (19), cardiovascular diseases (e.g. atherosclerosis and aneurysm) (20), stroke, diabetes (21), and rheumatoid arthritis (22).…”

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitanspneumonia with chest and abdominal wall involvement

“…There is no evidence for recurrent infections. 8 Our patient had an infection with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans mimicking a malignancy since there was growth of a solid mass without abscess formation and suspicion of malignant pleural invasion on imaging. Materials obtained by bronchoscopy and needle biopsy showed signs of chronic inflammation while cultures remained negative and hence did not provide us with conclusive results.…”