Invasive characterization of atherosclerotic plaque in patients with peripheral arterial disease using near‐infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound

Abstract

NIRS-IVUS in stable PAD patients demonstrates a high frequency of calcific plaque and statistically significant differences in the frequency of LCP in different arterial beds. LCP, when present in the peripheral circulation, is always associated with calcified plaque. The strong co-localization of calcified plaque and LCP in severe PAD lesions may provide plaque-stabilizing effects; further studies are needed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of lesions relate to the difficulty of peripheral arterial endovascular procedures

“…Peripheral arterial lesions are complex and heterogeneous, and their structures are not well understood. Peripheral arterial disease is multifactorial, and a range of studies from different disciplines (MRI, 19,20 intravascular ultrasound, 21,22 near-infrared imaging, 22 and pathology/ histology 23,24 ) have raised questions by suggesting that the majority of peripheral arterial lesions are not atherosclerotic. 23 Peripheral artery lesions often involve medial sclerosis complicated by osteoid and chondroid metaplasia (also known as Mönckeberg sclerosis), 25 and this pathologic process is particularly prevalent in patients with diabetes and chronic renal insufficiency.…”

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging: State of the Art

“…Furthermore, NIRS-IVUS has been employed in the study of plaque morphology and composition in the peripheral arteries-superficial femoral arteries in the setting of severe stenoses and symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) ( 54 , 55 ).…”

“…Similarly, the utility of NIRS-IVUS in optimizing carotid artery stenting toward preventing periprocedural stroke is a subject of ongoing research (52,53). Furthermore, NIRS-IVUS has been employed in the study of plaque morphology and composition in the peripheral arteriessuperficial femoral arteries in the setting of severe stenoses and symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) (54,55).…”

Arterial Occlusion Is Not Just About Length: There's More than Meets the Eye!

“…The explanation for different atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes in different vascular beds is not clear but may be related to differences in haemodynamic forces and shear stress profiles, the impact of traditional atherosclerotic risk factors and therapies on different vascular beds, elastic and muscular components of the arterial wall structure, and different pathways for atherosclerotic plaque initiation and progression. 6 The role of CTA quantification to describe the composition of the atherosclerotic plaque and predict its natural evolution is yet to be established.…”