Invasive beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections, Finland, 2006 to 2020: increase in Lancefield group C/G infections

Paspaliari, Dafni Katerina; Sarvikivi, Emmi; Ollgren, Jukka; Vuopio, Jaana

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2023.28.31.2200807

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…It also showed a higher percentage of relapses. This trend was also observed globally and was explained by an improvement in the identification tests, an increase in the older population with comorbidities, and the diffusion of epidemic clones [105,106]. One recent case of suspected food origin regarded a 77-year-old man who had a history of unpasteurized milk consumption and presented a periprosthetic joint infection in one knee that became swollen and hyperemic.…”

Section: Streptococcus Sppmentioning

confidence: 88%

Recent Records on Bacterial Opportunistic Infections via the Dietary Route

Rossi,

Santonicola,

Amadoro

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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This narrative review was aimed at identifying the opportunistic bacterial pathogens that can be transmitted by contaminated food and represent a current threat for patients particularly susceptible to infections because of underlying conditions or predisposing factors. The analysis was focused on recent case or outbreak reports and systematic reviews published in the years 2019 to 2023 and resulted in sorting 24 bacterial groups comprising the genera or species able to cause a variety of systemic or invasive infections if ingested with food or drinking water. These included both bacteria known to cause mild infections in immunocompetent persons and bacteria considered to be innocuous, which are used in food fermentation or as probiotics. No recent cases of infections transmitted through dietary routes were reported for the critical nosocomial pathogens widely found in food products, primarily Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the very first sources of their introduction into the clinical environment still need to be established. In many instances, risky dietary habits, such as eating raw fish, seafood, raw meat, unpasteurized milk, and their derived products or the lack of control in fermentation processes, has led to the reported illnesses, pointing out the necessity to improve the hygiene of production and consumer awareness of the risks.

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Section: Streptococcus Sppmentioning

confidence: 88%

Recent Records on Bacterial Opportunistic Infections via the Dietary Route

Rossi,

Santonicola,

Amadoro

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Characteristics of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Caused by Different Beta-hemolytic Streptococci Species: A Single-center Retrospective Study

Inada,

Iwamoto,

Nomoto

et al. 2024

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS). Streptococcus pyogenes is the main causative agent of this disease; other BHS such as S. agalactiae or S. dysgalactiae could also cause STSS. However, the clinical characteristics of STSS caused by other types of BHS remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the likelihood of STSS development in various streptococcal species. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study using adult medical records of patients with invasive BHS in a tertiary care institution from 2002–2022 and classified them into STSS or non-STSS groups. Multivariable analysis of bacterial species adjusted for age and diabetes mellitus was conducted. S. pyogenes cases were propensity-matched (1:4) to non-pyogenes BHS cases. Results A total of 43 STSS and 285 non-STSS cases were identified. S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. dysgalactiae accounted for 17, 13, and 13 STSS cases, respectively. The crude mortality of STSS was approximately 35% in all groups. A multivariable analysis suggested that STSS was less frequent in S. agalactiae and S. dysgalactiae cases with odds ratio 0.24 (95% confident interval [CI]: 0.10–0.54, p<0.001) and 0.23 (95% CI: 0.10–0.55, p<0.001), respectively. Propensity score matching showed that S. pyogenes caused STSS more frequently than other BHS cases with an odds ratio of 3.28 (95% CI: 1.21–8.77, p=0.010). Conclusions This study described and compared the clinical characteristics of STSS caused by different BHS. We demonstrated that S. pyogenes caused STSS more often than other BHS.

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Group B Streptococcus Infections in Non-Pregnant Adults, Italy, 2015–2019

Imperi,

Gherardi,

Alfarone

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Group B Streptococcus (GBS, Streptococcus agalactiae) is a pathogen of increasing importance in adults. Severe and invasive cases in non-pregnant adults were collected during the period 2015–2019 by voluntary-based surveillance. In total, 108 GBS strains were phenotypically and genotypically characterized for the serotype, antimicrobial resistance, pili, surface protein genes, and the hyper-virulent adhesin hvgA. Patients were divided into two age groups: adults (18–64 years; n = 32) and older adults (≥65 years; n = 72). The average age was 70.8 years, with a male/female ratio of 1.7. Most isolates were recovered from cases of bacteremia (blood, n = 93), and a higher frequency of invasive GBS infections (iGBS) was found among older adults (66.7%). Serotype III was the most frequent (n = 41, 38%), followed by type Ia and type V (n = 20 each, 18.5%). Serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V accounted for all but one isolates (99.1%). The iGBS isolates were universally susceptible to penicillin, while the prevalence of resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and high-level gentamicin resistance was 26.8%, 24.1%, 85.2%, and 5.5%, respectively, with the predominance of the erm(B) gene for macrolide resistance and the tet(M) gene for tetracycline resistance. The associations between the serotypes/antimicrobial resistance/virulence traits underlined the increasing importance of serotype III and its contribution to antimicrobial resistance as well as the steady increase over time of serotype IV. This nationwide study confirmed the need for monitoring the GBS epidemiology in non-pregnant adults through continuous surveillance of GBS infections.

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Invasive beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections, Finland, 2006 to 2020: increase in Lancefield group C/G infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Recent Records on Bacterial Opportunistic Infections via the Dietary Route

Recent Records on Bacterial Opportunistic Infections via the Dietary Route

Characteristics of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Caused by Different Beta-hemolytic Streptococci Species: A Single-center Retrospective Study

Group B Streptococcus Infections in Non-Pregnant Adults, Italy, 2015–2019

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