Invasion of Subalpine Meadows by Lodgepole Pine in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S.A.

Jakubos, Bonnie; Romme, William H.

doi:10.2307/1551921

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Incluso en los márgenes de su rango nativo, las pináceas pueden invadir ambientes abiertos. Tal es el caso de praderas altoandinas en los Estados Unidos, las cuales han sido modificadas por el avance de P. contorta (Jakubos & Romme 1993, Halpern et al 2010. Esto da cuenta de la alta vulnerabilidad que representan los sitios abiertos a la llegada de pináceas pioneras (Richardson et al 1994) y por otro lado hace referencia a la habilidad de P. contorta para regenerar y competir en zonas con un baja cobertura arbórea (Despain 2001, Ledgard 2001.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

2013

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

2013

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“…From literature reviewed by Knight (1994a) and von Ahlefeldt and Speas (1996). Slightly warmer than in previous centuries and Increased tree recruitment near upper treeline with shorter, less extreme wet periods and , including subalpine droughts (Gray and others 2004)) meadows (Jakubos and Romme 1993) one exception is the western portion of the Sierra Madre, which is part of the Central Basin and Hills Section (342F) of the Intermountain Semi-desert Province. At an intermediate scale, the forest vegetation can be classified by the dominant overstory species, i.e., cover type, which is the approach adopted for the MBNF database ( fig.…”

Section: Ecological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigators have found evidence in the pollen record, for example, that the relative abundance of lodgepole pine, Engelmann spruce, and subalpine fir at both the stand and landscape scales has shifted over long time periods due to climate change (Hansen 1940;Fall 1997). Whitlock (1993) documented altitudinal shifts of tree species distributions in northwest Wyoming during the last 12,000 years; and in recent centuries lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, and Engelmann spruce have grown into meadows (Patten 1969;Schimpf and others 1980;Pearson and others 1987;Jakubos and Romme 1993;Hessl and Baker 1997). Some of these observations have been attributed, at least in part, to warmer and possibly somewhat wetter conditions since ca 1850-1870.…”

Section: Variation In Species Composition and Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some examples include the establishment of lodgepole pine in subalpine meadows in Yellowstone National Park (Jakubos and Romme 1993), and the growth of subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce near treeline in Rocky Mountain National Park . In both cases, climate changes after ~1870 apparently created favorable conditions for tree seedling establishment.…”

Section: The Hrv Of Non-forest Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historic range of variability for upland vegetation in the Medicine Bow National Forest, Wyoming

Dillon¹,

Knight²,

Meyer³

2005

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An approach for synthesizing the results of ecological research pertinent to land management is the analysis of the historic range of variability (HRV) for key ecosystem variables that are affected by management activities. This report provides an HRV analysis for the upland vegetation of the Medicine Bow National Forest in southeastern Wyoming. The variables include live tree density, dead tree (snag) density, canopy cover, abundance of coarse woody debris, species diversity, fire return intervals, the abundance of various diseases, the proportion of the landscape in different land cover types, and the degree of patchiness in the landscape. The variables were examined at the stand and landscape scales, using information available in the literature and USFS databases. High-elevation landscapes were considered separately from low-elevation landscapes. Much of the report pertains to forests dominated by lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, and Engelmann spruce at high elevations, and by ponderosa pine and aspen at lower elevations. We defined the HRV reference period for the MBNF as approximately 1600 to 1860.Keywords: aspen, bark beetles, canopy gaps, coarse woody debris, comandra blister rust, dwarf mistletoe, Engelmann spruce, fire effects, disease in Rocky Mountain forests, forest fragmentation, insects in forests, interior forest, landscape ecology, lodgepole pine, mistletoe, mountain pine beetle, ponderosa pine, roads, Rocky Mountain forests, snags, spruce beetle, subalpine fir, subalpine forests, timber harvesting effects, white pine blister rust, wind in forests Executive SummaryThe challenges of sustainable land management have led to an increased emphasis on incorporating the results of science in the decision making process. One approach for accomplishing this objective is through the analysis of the historic range of variability (HRV) for key ecosystem variables that are affected by management activities. The rationale for HRV analyses is that the chances of sustainable forest management are greater if the variation in managed ecosystems includes the range of conditions that are expected at various scales in ecosystems relatively uninfluenced by humans. This report provides an HRV analysis for the upland vegetation of the Medicine Bow National Forest (MBNF).By definition, HRV analyses require the identification of specific variables and an estimation of how those variables fluctuated, at more than one scale, prior to the advent of resource extraction and management by EuropeanAmericans. A complete list of the variables that we examined is found in table 7. Examples include live tree density, dead tree (snag) density, canopy cover, abundance of coarse woody debris, species diversity, fire return intervals, the abundance of various diseases, the proportion of the landscape in different land cover types, and the degree of patchiness in the landscape. We examined variables at two scales-the stand and the landscape-and we separated high-elevation landscapes from low-elevation landscapes. Much of the repo...

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“…It was therefore difficult to accurately determine how climate has varied over the last few decades and how tree encroachment may be correlated with this. No formal statistical analyses (e.g .• like those undertaken by Jakubos and Romme (1993) and Hessl and Baker [1997]) were therefore possible.…”

Section: Biomass Variation Across the Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Forest Encroachment into Subalpine Grasslands near Mount Hotham, Victoria, Australia

Wearne

Morgan

2001

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Establishment of forest trees into subalpine grasslands near Mt. Hotham, southeast Australia, was quantified in 1998 across long-established forestgrassland boundaries in belt transects at four sites. Although the grasslands varied in their dominant species and groundlayer biomass, tree encroachment (principally by Eucalyptus paucijlora) occurred at all sites. Tree encroachment is a recent and synchronous event; all invading saplings were :S31-yr-old and the majority (54%) established between 1991 and 1995. Most sapling establishment (66%) occurred within 5 m of the forest-grassland boundary where the number of plants present was positively associated with the amount of overhanging tree cover at three of the four sites. No correlation between encroachment and groundcover type or biomass, however, was found at any site. Some of the recently established plants are now small trees (1-8 m in height) and have become reproductive, indicating that establishment in grasslands is successful, making ecotone shifts possible. Any changes in boundary position, however, will be slow given the limited distance that trees established from the forest edge. Tree encroachment near Mt. Hotham is likely the outcome of small-scale (e.g., regeneration microsite) and landscape-scale (e.g., climate, grazing) processes that require further clarification.

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Invasion of Subalpine Meadows by Lodgepole Pine in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S.A.

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

Historic range of variability for upland vegetation in the Medicine Bow National Forest, Wyoming

Recent Forest Encroachment into Subalpine Grasslands near Mount Hotham, Victoria, Australia

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