Invasion and control strategy of the red-necked longhorn beetle <i>Aromia bungii</i>

Seasonal Prevalence of the Invasive Longhorn Beetle Aromia bungii in Osaka Prefecture, Japan

“…To determine the emergence dates of A. bungii adults from infested trees, we selected nine infested trees (four standing trees and five tree stumps) ( Cerasus × yedoensis ‘Somei-yoshino’) at Habikino study site in December 2020. The selected trees had planned adult emergence holes with an oval shape typical for A. bungii [ 4 , 7 ] in the winter, which indicated that the A. bungii adults would emerge through the holes during the next year’s emergence period. We set fine-mesh nets (Sunsunnet SL 4200, Nihon Widecloth Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) using push pins and staples over a total of 80 holes in the nine test trees ( Figure 2 ) on 22 May 2021.…”

“…The beetle attacks and damages the host tree including ornamental cherry, peach, Japanese apricot, and Japanese plum, severely impacting urban greenings and fruit-tree industries in the affected regions [ 5 , 6 ]. Accordingly, tree owners have implemented various measures in response to A. bungii , such as the removing infested trees, injecting insecticides against larvae in the trunks, and spraying insecticides against adults in the field [ 6 , 7 ].…”

“…Notably, dates with a higher adult abundance (the peak dates) and adult appearance periods in the field are ideal times and durations for the application of control measures, respectively. In Japan, A. bungii generally has a 2-year life cycle [ 4 ], and adults can be sighted from June to August in the field [ 7 ]. Previous field surveys in Japan have suggested that the peak dates and appearance periods of A. bungii adults vary by region, but few detailed surveys have been conducted, which took place in early July and mid-June to early August in Itano-Cho, Tokushima Prefecture [ 8 ], in early July and late June to mid-July in Soka City, Saitama Prefecture [ 9 ], and in mid-July and late June to mid-August in Tatebayashi City, Gunma Prefecture [ 4 ].…”

“…The matured larvae of A. bungii create holes in infested trees 1 year before their emergence, a phenomenon called “planned adult emergence hole” [ 4 , 7 ]. Accordingly, we could record the emergence dates of A. bungii adults using infested trees located in the study area by setting up nets on the holes to capture the emerging adults.…”

Characteristics of Trees Infested by the Invasive Primary Wood-Borer Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

“…Other Cerambycidae species, such as Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Aegosoma sinicum White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), also infest living flowering cherry trees with larval frass emission [29]. Infestation by A. bungii larvae was identified based on the particle shape of the frass [29][30][31] ejected from the monitoring trees.…”