Inulin-type fructans and 2’fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial

Jackson, Peter PJ.; Wijeyesekera, Anisha; Williams, Claire M.; Theis, Stephan; van Harsselaar, Jessica; Rastall, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.016

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…Past work has found that prebiotic consumption reduced stress response as measured by saliva cortisol levels [49]. Other recent papers have found that prebiotics can alter stress-induced mood states [26], while another paper reported that FOS + GOS did not affect the biological markers of stress and inflammation or mental health symptoms in healthy adults, despite an increase in Bifidobacterium [50]. Agreement on the best practices to measure the gut microbiota and mental health markers in clinical studies will be necessary to design studies that determine the links between gut health and mental health measures [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults

Edelman,

Wang,

Ahnen

et al. 2024

Applied Microbiology

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Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble, prebiotic fiber that is used in foods and supplements. The effects of PHGG and its role in gut health are still being studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the gut microbiome composition of healthy individuals in response to low-dose PHGG supplementation compared with a low fiber diet. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was performed on 33 healthy subjects (17 males, 16 females). Each subject completed three 14-day treatment periods with a 2-week washout between each period. Treatments included supplementation with 3 g PHGG, 6 g PHGG, or a placebo. During all periods, the participants followed a low fiber diet (≤14 g/day). Stools were collected on days 0 and 14 of each period. Gut microbiome profiling was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Stools were assessed by investigators with the Bristol Stool Form Scale as a secondary outcome. Saliva cortisol was also measured as a secondary outcome. Supplementation of 3 g and 6 g PHGG significantly increased Verrucomicrobia on day 14 when compared to the placebo (p = 0.0066 and p = 0.0068, respectively). On the genus level, Akkermansia was significantly increased on day 14 with both the 3 g and 6 g PHGG doses (p = 0.0081 and p = 0.0083). Faecalibacterium was significantly decreased on day 14 with 3 g PHGG (p = 0.0054). Supplementing with low doses of PHGG has the potential to cause shifts in the gut microbiome composition. By increasing beneficial microbes, PHGG can improve the microbiome composition of healthy individuals and may play a role in the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Additionally, we measured the saliva cortisol across the three treatments based on other work showing differences in saliva cortisol with fiber treatment [26,49,50]. It is wellaccepted that the brain and gut communicate, and that changes in gut physiology will alter the mental state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults

Edelman,

Wang,

Ahnen

et al. 2024

Applied Microbiology

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Inulin‐Lipid Core–Shell Microcapsules Target the Gut Microbiota and Mimic the Pharmaceutical Food Effect for Improved Oral Antipsychotic Delivery

Meola,

Elz,

Wignall

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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The oral delivery of most atypical antipsychotics is severely challenged by their low oral bioavailability and significant food effects that necessitate patient compliance. Lipid formulations are an attractive delivery system for overcoming the dosing challenges of antipsychotics, but their negative impact on the gut microbiota can interfere with the pharmacodynamic response through disruption of the gut‐brain axis. Here, novel gut microbiota‐targeting microcapsules are engineered to provide a multifunctional approach for improving both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antipsychotic, lurasidone. The microcapsules are comprised of a lipid core that facilitates the solubilization and oral absorption of the lipophilic drug and an outer carbohydrate polymer (inulin) shell that positively modulates the gut microbiota by facilitating microbial fermentation. Fed‐fasted variability in lurasidone solubilization is mitigated through microencapsulation with inulin‐lipid microcapsules (ILM), while microbiota enrichment is coupled with enhanced serotonin levels in the small intestine, faeces, and plasma. The realization of multifunctional ILM confirms the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of mental health therapies, such as antipsychotics, can be optimized through strategic encapsulation within functional formulations that target the gut microbiota for effective modulation of the gut‐brain axis.

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Safety and Tolerability of Microbial Inulinase Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Garvey,

LeMoire,

Wang

et al. 2024

Gastro Hep Advances

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Inulin-type fructans and 2’fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 6 publications

References 76 publications

The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults

The Dose Response Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Gut Microbiome of Healthy Adults

Inulin‐Lipid Core–Shell Microcapsules Target the Gut Microbiota and Mimic the Pharmaceutical Food Effect for Improved Oral Antipsychotic Delivery

Safety and Tolerability of Microbial Inulinase Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

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