Intrusive thoughts and auditory hallucinations: a comparative study of intrusions in psychosis

Morrison, Anthony P.; Baker, Caroline A.

doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00143-6

Cited by 118 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These findings from analogue studies are consistent with data from studies that have employed clinical samples, where patients who experience AH report more frequent intrusive thoughts than do patients who do not experience AH (e.g., Lobban et al, 2002;Morrison & Baker, 2000). Together, these studies provide support for the idea that intrusive thoughts may be the raw material of AH, as suggested by Morrison et al (1995).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…For example, studies with clinical populations have shown that patients who experience AH report more intrusive thoughts than do patients who do not experience AH (Lobban, Haddock, Kinderman, & Wells, 2002;Morrison & Baker, 2000). Meanwhile, studies with non-clinical participants have shown that participants who report high levels of intrusive thoughts also report high levels of AH-proneness (Jones & Fernyhough, 2006, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between intrusive thoughts, reality discrimination and hallucination-proneness in healthy young adults

Smailes

Meins

Fernyhough

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between intrusive thoughts, reality discrimination and hallucination-proneness in healthy young adults

Smailes

Meins

Fernyhough

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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“…Those diagnosed with schizophrenia, for example, are particularly unlikely to be asked about VH history, content, and characteristics, even though these features are generally of central concem to the voice hearer (Beavan, 2011;Cockshutt, 2004;Romme et al, 2009: Taitimu, 2005, and may generate a more precise appreciation of VH influence over distress, functioning, and risk of harm to self or others (Beavan & Read, 2010;Ritsher et al, 2004). Similarly, although patients with psychotic diagnoses are often advised to ignore their voices (Coffey & Hewitt, 2008;Haddock & Slade, 1996: Ritsher et al, 2004, available evidence suggests that this strategy, at least in some cases, could actually perpetuate voice activity (Mawson, Cohen, & Berry, 2010;A. P. Morrison & Baker, 2000: Romme et al, 2009: Shawyer et al, 2007: VeigaMartfnez, Pérez-Álvarez, & García-Montes, 2008.…”

Section: Therapeutic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

Longden¹,

Madill

Waterman

2012

Psychological Bulletin

193

151

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Voice hearing (VH) is often regarded as pathognomic for schizophrenia. The purpose of this article is to review and integrate historical, clinical, epidemiological, and phenomenological evidence in order to suggest that VH may be more appropriately understood as a dissociative rather than a psychotic phenomenon. First, we discuss the lifetime prevalence of VH in the general population, which is estimated to range between 1% and 16% for adult nonclinical populations and 2% and 41% in healthy adolescent samples. Second, we demonstrate how the ubiquity of VH phenomenology, including variables like voice location, content, and frequency, limits its diagnostic and prognostic utility for differentiating psychotic from trauma-spectrum and nonclinical populations. Finally, we report on the empirical associations between VH, measures of dissociation, and trauma particularly (though not exclusively) childhood sexual abuse. There are 2 main conclusions from this review. First, we argue that available evidence suggests that VH experiences, including those in the context of psychotic disorders, can be most appropriately understood as dissociated or disowned components of the self (or self-other relationships) that result from trauma, loss, or other interpersonal stressors. Second, we provide a rationale for clinicians to use psychotherapeutic methods for integrating life events as precipitating and/or maintaining factors for distressing voices. Potential mechanisms for the relationship between trauma, dissociation, VH, and clinical diagnosis are described, including the relevance of literature from the field of attachment in providing a diathesis for dissociation. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.

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“…Studies examining metacognitive beliefs in schizophrenia have often found that those diagnosed with schizophrenia are significantly elevated on all categories of metacognitive beliefs when compared to non-psychiatric control groups (Morrison and Baker 2000;Lobban 2002;Morrison and Wells 2003;Morrison et al 2007). Positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about uncontrollability of thoughts, beliefs concerning the need to control thoughts and low cognitive confidence have been found to be elevated in those predisposed to psychotic experiences , (Garcia-Montes et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia and Metacognition: An Investigation of Course of Illness and Metacognitive Beliefs Within a First Episode Psychosis

et al. 2014

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The Self Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model implicates maladaptive metacognitive beliefs and processes in the predisposition and/or maintenance of positive psychotic symptoms. In the model, metacognitive beliefs guide cognitive and behavioural responses to cognitive experiences. This study tested for relationships between course of illness and levels of specific metacognitions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A large cohort of people with first episode psychosis (n = 578) recruited as part the OPUS trial (1998)(1999)(2000) were tested.Information about course of illness (remitted, episodic or continually psychotic) and metacognitive belief ratings were collected. Data obtained from 367 participants revealed that levels of maladaptive metacognitive beliefs varied as a function of course of illness and distinguished between remitted patients and non-patients. Metacognitive beliefs explained 17 % additional variance displayed in course of illness in a multinomial regression analysis when controlling for other causal factors. In addition, beliefs concerning Need to Control thoughts (RR 1.13, 95 % CI 1.03-1.22, p \ 0.01) predicted a continually psychotic course of illness. Elevations in metacognitive beliefs were associated with the severity and duration of psychotic symptoms, consistent with the S-REF model. Moreover, metacognition was a better predictor of course of illness than anxiety and depression. If these associations are shown to be causal, clinical interventions that modify metacognitive beliefs may also impact on positive symptoms and course of illness within schizophrenia.

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Intrusive thoughts and auditory hallucinations: a comparative study of intrusions in psychosis

Cited by 118 publications

References 14 publications

Associations between intrusive thoughts, reality discrimination and hallucination-proneness in healthy young adults

Associations between intrusive thoughts, reality discrimination and hallucination-proneness in healthy young adults

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

Schizophrenia and Metacognition: An Investigation of Course of Illness and Metacognitive Beliefs Within a First Episode Psychosis

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