Intrusive memories of trauma in PTSD and addiction

Reynolds, Martina; Nayak, Sheena; Kouimtsidis, Christos

doi:10.1192/pb.bp.111.037937

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Alcohol may be used to reduce the occurrence of intrusive traumatic memories (Reynolds, Novak, & Kouimtsidis, 2012) and provide acute symptom relief (Leeies, Pagura, Sareen, & Bolton, 2010). Also, alcohol has physiological effects that may minimize hyperarousal symptoms (Jacobsen, Southwick & Kosten, 2001; Jakupcak et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ptsd and Substance Use: Functional Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retrospective and prospective studies of time-course indicate that PTSD symptoms generally precede and predict onset of alcohol or other substance use disorder (Haller & Chassin, 2013; Jakupcak et al, 2010; Ouimette, Read, Wade, & Tirone, 2010). Alcohol may be used to reduce the occurrence of intrusive traumatic memories (Reynolds, Nayak, & Kouimtsidis, 2012) and provide acute symptom relief (Leeies, Pagura, Sareen, & Bolton, 2010). Also, alcohol has physiological effects that may minimize hyperarousal symptoms (Jacobsen, Southwick & Kosten, 2001; Jakupcak et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ptsd and Substance Use: Functional Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An experience sampling study of PTSD and alcohol-related problems.

Gaher

Simons

Hahn

et al. 2014

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) represents a debilitating psychiatric condition that is affecting the lives of many returning veterans. PTSD and alcohol use and dependence are highly comorbid. The purpose of this study was to understand the functional mechanisms between PTSD and alcohol use and problems. Specifically, the role of negative urgency and emotional intelligence were investigated as vulnerability and resiliency factors, respectively. This study utilized experience sampling to test associations between PTSD symptoms and alcohol use and related problems in a sample of 90 OIF/OEF veterans. Participants completed eight brief questionnaires daily for two weeks on palmtop computers. Elevations in PTSD symptoms during the day were associated with subsequent increases in alcohol use and associated problems that night. PTSD symptoms were associated with greater problems above and beyond the effect of drinking level at both the within- and between- person level. Emotional intelligence was associated with lower negative urgency, fewer PTSD symptoms, and less alcohol use and associated problems. The effects of emotional intelligence were primarily indirect via negative urgency and the effects of negative urgency on alcohol use and problems were indirect via its positive association with PTSD symptoms. Hypothesized cross-level effects of emotional intelligence and negative urgency were not supported. The findings suggest a functional association between PTSD symptoms and alcohol consumption. The association between PTSD symptoms and alcohol consumption is consistent with a self-medication model. However, the significant associations between PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, after controlling for use level, suggest a broader role of dysregulation.

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