Intrusive caregiving and quality of attachment in prenatally drug- exposed toddlers and their primary caregivers

Swanson, Krista; Beckwith, Leila; Howard, Judy

doi:10.1080/14616730050085527

Cited by 88 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This finding is also in agreement with other studies that report that these types of attachments are related to negative maternal behaviors (Lyons-Ruth et al, 1991). In addition, Swanson (1998) has reported that, for this sample of mothers and their toddlers, disorganized/disoriented attachments are associated with concurrent intrusive maternal behavior at 18 months of age.…”

Section: Caregiving and Attachmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…As reported in Swanson (1998), there was a significant increase in the proportion of disorganized/disoriented attachments in this sample compared to normative populations. This finding is in agreement with Rodning et al (1991), who reported similar elevated rates of disorganized/ disoriented attachments among a sample of PCP-abusing women and their offspring.…”

Section: Caregiving and Attachmentsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Women whose prenatal symptoms were in the clinical range for dysthymia, but not paranoia, and whose depression had lifted by 6 months were found to be the most sensitive caregivers. Swanson (1998) has reported that, for this sample, toddler attachment at 18 months was characterized by an increased proportion of insecure attachments, with the insecurity taking the form of a greater rate of disorganized/disoriented attachment. In this report on this sample we examine the relationship of prenatal maternal psychopathology to caregiving at 6 months and to the toddler attachment at 18 months.…”

Section: Drug Use Psychopathology and Caregivingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…attachment in their offspring. Although the evidence is sparse, it does suggest that substanceabusing women provide less sensitive and responsive caregiving during infancy and toddlerhood (Burns, Chetnik, Burns, & Clark, 1997;Mayes, Feldman, Granger, Haynes, Bornstein, & Schottenfeld, 1997;Rodning, Beckwith, & Howard, 1991;Swanson, 1998;Tyler, Howard, Espinosa, & Doakes, 1997) and the incidence of insecure attachments among their offspring is greatly increased (Rodning et al, 1991;Swanson, 1998). These studies indicate that the majority of the offspring of substance-abusing women who are insecurely attached demonstrate disorganized/disoriented attachments, a pattern used to describe infants who lack a coherent strategy for accessing their attachment figure and who show confused, conflictual, or fearful behavior in the Strange Situation (Main & Solomon, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Maternal psychopathology and attachment in toddlers of heavy cocaine‐using mothers

Espinosa

Beckwith

Howard

et al. 2001

Infant Mental Health Journal

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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among maternal psychopathology, early sensitive caregiving, and security of attachment in a sample of cocaine-using women from environments with high contextual risks that include poverty, low educational attainment, minority status, and single parenthood. Thirty-five women and their offspring participated in the study. Maternal psychopathology, including Axis I and Axis II disorders, was assessed during the prenatal period via a selfreport clinical measure. Maternal sensitivity was assessed at 1 month and 6 months postdelivery through rating scales. At 18 months postdelivery, toddlers' attachment to their mothers was assessed via the Strange Situation procedure. Also at 18 months, mothers' level of depression was assessed via a depression inventory. Maternal psychopathology during pregnancy was found to be associated with both early caregiving and attachment. Mothers demonstrating clinical levels of particular Axis II disorders provided less sensitive caregiving, and had toddlers who were more likely to be disorganized/disoriented in their attachments. For Axis I disorders, only clinical levels of prenatal dysthymia were found to be associated with a greater likelihood of secure attachment.RESUMEN: El propósito de este estudio es examinar las relaciones entre la sicopatología materna, las sensibles formas de prestar cuidado el principio, y la seguridad de la unión afectiva en un grupo-muestra de mujeres que usan cocaína y que provienen de ambientes con altos riesgos contextuales, entre los cuales se incluye la pobreza, los bajos logros educacionales, la condición de minoría étnica, y el ser madres solteras. En el estudio participaron 35 mujeres y sus niños. La sicopatología materna-trastornos de Axis I y Axis II-fue evaluada durante el período prenatal por medio de una medida clínica autodeclarativa. La sensibilidad materna fue evaluada al mes y a los seis meses del parto por medio de escalas de puntuación. A los 18 meses después del parto, la unión afectiva de los infantes para con sus madres fue evaluada por medio del procedimiento de la Situación Extraña. También a los 18 meses, se evaluó el nivel de depresión de las madres a través de un inventario apropiado para la depresión. Se determinó que la sicopatología materna durante el embarazo estaba asociada tanto con las primeras manifestaciones del cuidado como la unión afectiva. Las madres que demostraron niveles clínicos de específicos trastornos de Axis II prestaban un cuidado menos sensible y tenían infantes que estaban más propensos a la desorganización y desorientación en la unión afectiva. En cuanto a los trastornos de Axis I, sólo se encontró que los niveles clínicos de distemia estaban asociados con una mayor probabilidad de unión afectiva segura. Psychopathology and Attachments • 317RÉ SUMÉ : Le but de cette étude est d'examiner les liens entre la psychopathologie maternelle, le soin sensible très tôt apporté à l'enfant, et la sécurité de l'attachement chez un groupe de femmes adonné...

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Section: Caregiving and Attachmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Caregiving and Attachmentsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Drug Use Psychopathology and Caregivingmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Maternal psychopathology and attachment in toddlers of heavy cocaine‐using mothers

Espinosa

Beckwith

Howard

et al. 2001

Infant Mental Health Journal

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“…The EA Scales have been used with children from both low and high social-risk populations (e.g., Oyen, Landy, & Hilburn-Cobb, 2000;Swanson, Beckwith, & Howard, 2000). More complete descriptions of the EA Scales can be found in Biringen and Robinson (1991), Biringen (2000), and Easterbrooks and Biringen (2000, 2005.…”

Section: Data Coding and Scoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and infant behavior and context associations with mutual emotion availability

Bornstein

Hahn

Suwalsky

et al. 2011

Infant Mental Health Journal

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Emotional availability (EA) is a prominent index of mutual socioemotional adaptation in the parent-infant dyad. This study examines zero-order and unique associations of multiple maternal and infant behavior and context indicators to variation in aspects of EA in mothers and their young infants. The associations to each were explored in separate analyses for maternal sensitivity and infant responsiveness in 369 European American mothers and their firstborn 5½-month-olds. Beyond zero-order relations, robust regression analyses revealed differentiated patterns of unique relations of mother and infant behavior and context indicators to the EA dimensions of maternal sensitivity and infant responsiveness. Although potential behavior and context relations to EA are many, prominent relations to maternal sensitivity and infant responsiveness are few, and patterns of association vary for the two dimensions of EA. Adequate EA is fundamental to a healthy parent-infant relationship, and understanding the behavior and context indicators associated with EA is fundamental to its enhancement.

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Endothelin-1 and Neuregulin-1 convert embryonic cardiomyocytes into cells of the conduction system in the mouse

Patel¹,

Kos²

2005

Dev. Dyn.

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The cells that form the cardiac conduction system (CCS) are recruited from embryonic cardiomyocytes. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) have been associated with this transition in the avian and murine systems, respectively. We established murine embryonic cardiomyocyte cultures induced or not with ET-1 and/or NRG-1 to compare the expression of cardiomyocyte and CCS-specific genes. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that cardiomyogenesis and CCS-specific markers, such as Nkx2.

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Intrusive caregiving and quality of attachment in prenatally drug- exposed toddlers and their primary caregivers

Cited by 88 publications

References 26 publications

Maternal psychopathology and attachment in toddlers of heavy cocaine‐using mothers

Maternal psychopathology and attachment in toddlers of heavy cocaine‐using mothers

Maternal and infant behavior and context associations with mutual emotion availability

Endothelin-1 and Neuregulin-1 convert embryonic cardiomyocytes into cells of the conduction system in the mouse

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