Intrusion Detection Based on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-Coverage in Mobile Sensor Networks With Empowered Intruders

Abstract

Intrusion detection is one of the important applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Prior research indicated that the barrier coverage method combined with Mobile Sensor Networks (MSNs) can enhance the effectiveness of intrusion detection by mitigating coverage holes commonly appeared in stationary WSNs. However, the trajectories of moving sensors and moving intruders have not been investigated thoroughly, where the impact between two adjacent moving sensors and between a moving sensor and a moving intruder are still underdetermined. In order to address these open problems, in this paper, we firstly discuss the virtual potential field between sensors as well as between sensors and intruders. We then propose to formulate the mobility pattern of sensor node using elastic collision model and that of intruder using point charge model. The point charge model describes an hitherto-unexplored mobility pattern of empowered-intruders, which are capable of acting upon the virtual repulsive forces from sensors in order to hide them away from being detected. With the aid of the two models developed, analytical expressions and simulation results demonstrate that our proposed design achieves a higher k-barrier coverage probability in intrusion detection when compared to that of the conventional designs. It is also worth mentioning that these improvements are achieved with shorter average displacement distance and under the much more challenging MSNs settings. Index Terms-Mobile sensor networks, intrusion detection, k-barrier coverage, empowered intruders I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Motivation Intrusion detection can be defined as the technique to detect unapproved entrance into specific territory and it has

A Novel Chaotic Elite Adaptive Genetic Algorithm for Task Allocation of Intelligent Unmanned Wireless Sensor Networks

“…In refs. [20][21][22], an investigation was conducted into the optimization of energy consumption through the examination of dynamic task allocation within virtual WSNs. However, these studies are still different from ours because they consider network level virtualization.…”

A Charging-Aware Multi-Mode Routing Protocol for Data Collection in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

“…Wireless sensor networks are popularly applied for variant environmental monitoring applications such as forest fire detection [1], intruder detection [2], and factory or pasturage monitoring [3]. Sensors are tiny devices that consist of multiple sensing components, a simple computation unit, and the wireless communication component [4].…”