Contents 1. Introduction . 2. The measurement of total cross sections . 2.1. Experimental methods . 2.2. Corrections to measurements . 2.3. Cross sections for pure isospin states . 3.1. Pions . 3.2. Kaons . 4.1. Protons . 4.2. Neutrons . 4.3. Anti-nucleons , 5. Theoretical implications . 5.1. Resonances and Regge poles 5.2. Relative total cross sections, and asymptotic limits 5.3. Forward scattering amplitudes and total cross sections 3. Meson-nucleon total cross sections. 4. Nucleon and anti-nucleon total cross sections on nucleons ..