Introductory Chapter: Pollination

Mangena, Phetole; Mokwala, P.W.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.77227

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Cross-pollination technique in hybridisation has been practiced for many years in conventional plant breeding programs. The purpose is to transfer pollen from male reproductive organ of one individual to female reproductive organ of another individual Mangena and Mokwala (2018). This method requires either natural pollination by the assistance of birds, insects and wind, or artificially by hand-pollination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson (Fabaceae), an ornamental legume native to Australia

Ichwan

Eliyanti

Swari

2019

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Pollen viability and stigma receptivity are prerequisites for successful cross-pollination and seed set in Swainsona formosa. In this study, the pollen viabilities and stigma receptivities was assayed by in vitro pollen germination and simple hand-pollination method on glasshouse-grown plants, respectively. The viability of pollen grains was tested under three different storage conditions: 1) pollen grains were left on the plant in the glasshouse under natural conditions, 2) pollen grains were harvested and kept at a low temperature (4 o C) in total darkness, and 3) pollen grains were kept in a dry freezer (-10 o C) and in total darkness. Meanwhile, stigma receptivity was determined by hand-pollination using fresh pollen grains on flower of glasshouse-grown plants at one day before anther dehiscence up to 8 days after anther dehiscence. The results showed that pollen grains could be stored at 4 o C for up to 28 days without significantly losing their viability. Pollen longevity could be extended beyond two months when stored at -10 o C and under dry conditions. These findings provided a simple and economically sound method for storage of S. formosa pollen. In addition, stigma receptivity was found to be receptive from one day before anther dehiscence and reached its peak within four days after anther dehiscence. These results provide a valuable background to the conventional breeding of this species to create hybrids through cross-pollination

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson (Fabaceae), an ornamental legume native to Australia

Ichwan

Eliyanti

Swari

2019

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“…Pollination is one of the important cultural that influences fruit set, yield and quality (Mangena and Mokwala, 2018). Many factors affect the pollination, one of them is pollen grain of different male types which affect fruit set, yield and fruit characteristics (Iqbal et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Pollen Sources on Yield and Fruit Quality of Barhi Date Palm Cultivar under Sudan Conditions

Dawoud

El-Rauof

2022

Egyptian International Journal of Palms

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This research was conducted to study the effect of different pollen grain sources on yield, maturity and fruit quality of "Barhi" date palm cultivar. Pollen grains were collected from six locations, Al-khoglab Male1, Soba Male2, Al-Halfaya Male3, Bahary Male4, Al-Grief Male5, Shambat Male6, for hand pollination of Barhi cv. female trees during successive seasons (2019-2021). Fruits were harvested at full maturity stage (full coloring) to determine physical and chemical characteristics as bunch weight, total yield, fruit weight, length, and diameter, seed weight, length and diameter, Total Soluble Solids (TSS%), maturity % and fruit flesh weight %. Results indicated that the highest Pollen germination % and length fruit were recorded in Shambat Male 6.The highest fruit set %, bunch weight, total yield, fruit length /diameter (L/D) ratio with Al-khoglab Male 1and Shambat Male 6.There is no significant differences with six pollen sources was attained fruit diameter, Seed Weight and seed length / diameter (L/D) ratio. It is better to use, Al-khoglab Male1 or Shambat Male 6. Pollen grains of Khartoum region -Sudan to pollinate date palm of Barhi to obtain the best fruit quality.

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“…Pollination of cocoa flowers by insects can also produce 3% higher yields than flowers without insect pollination. Insect pollination results in higher fruit size, weight, and number of seeds per fruit compared to pollination without insects [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insect pollinators in cocoa are generally from the order Diptera, especially the species Forcipomyia sp. of the family Ceratophogidae, which is reported as the primary pollinator [11,13]. Research by Nugroho et al [12] reported from 19 species of fruit visitor insects, nine species of which are pollinator insects, namely Forcipomyia, Cecidomyia, Stilobezzia, Drosophila, Orimarga from the order Diptera and Dolichoderus, Pheidole, Megachile, and Nomia from the order Hymenoptera.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides affecting the diversity of pollinator insects in cocoa plantations (Theobroma cacao L.)

Hasriyanty,

Rosmini,

Pasaru

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Pollinating insects play a significant role in the pollination process of cocoa flowers because unpollinated cocoa flowers will fall within 24 hours and fail to develop into fruit and seeds; on the other hand, the presence of pollinators in cacao plants is influenced by cultivation techniques such as the use of pesticides to against pest and disease attacks. This study aims to determine the diversity of pollinating insects in cacao plantations with and without pesticides. The study included field research on cocoa plantations in Rahmat Village, Palolo Sub-district, Sigi Regency. Insect identification was carried out at the Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Sampling was carried out in 3 plots measuring 40×40 m² with treatments: application of Chlormite 505 EC insecticide at a dose of 20ml/15L water, Lamda Cyhalothrin 247 ZC insecticide at an amount of 10ml/15L water, and control. In each plot, ten trees were selected for observation. Insect pollinators and flower visitors were collected using yellow pant traps and direct observation. The results of this study found six species of pollinator insects, namely Forcipomyia sp. and Bactrocera sp. from the order Diptera, Lasius niger, Solenopsis invica, and Vespidae from the order Hymenoptera, and Melantis sp. from the order Lepidoptera. Insecticide application affects pollinating insect diversity.

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Introductory Chapter: Pollination

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson (Fabaceae), an ornamental legume native to Australia

Pollen viability and stigma receptivity in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson (Fabaceae), an ornamental legume native to Australia

Effect of Different Pollen Sources on Yield and Fruit Quality of Barhi Date Palm Cultivar under Sudan Conditions

Pesticides affecting the diversity of pollinator insects in cocoa plantations (Theobroma cacao L.)

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