Introductory Chapter: From Hard to Soft Biology

Behzadi, Payam

doi:10.5772/intechopen.92572

Cited by 1 publication

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References 18 publications

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“…By the successful progressions in the fields of epigenomics and genomics, the molecular and genomic approaches support our knowledge regarding the processes of gene regulation and molecular signaling pathways in immune-oncology. Due to this fact, the genomic analyses are based on in silico approaches, software tools in dry labs [ 75 , 115 – 119 ]. The applications of a wide range of molecular approaches from conventional PCR, real-time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR to NGS, and high-throughput sequencing give us an effective opportunity to detect and identify different types of cytokines in different types of samples.…”

Section: Methods and Techniques For Determining Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Superfamily Cytokines and Their Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)

Behzadi

Sameer

Nissar

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Interleukins (ILs)—which are important members of cytokines—consist of a vast group of molecules, including a wide range of immune mediators that contribute to the immunological responses of many cells and tissues. ILs are immune-glycoproteins, which directly contribute to the growth, activation, adhesion, differentiation, migration, proliferation, and maturation of immune cells; and subsequently, they are involved in the pro and anti-inflammatory responses of the body, by their interaction with a wide range of receptors. Due to the importance of immune system in different organisms, the genes belonging to immune elements, such as ILs, have been studied vigorously. The results of recent investigations showed that the genes pertaining to the immune system undergo progressive evolution with a constant rate. The occurrence of any mutation or polymorphism in IL genes may result in substantial changes in their biology and function and may be associated with a wide range of diseases and disorders. Among these abnormalities, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can represent as important disruptive factors. The present review aims at concisely summarizing the current knowledge available on the occurrence, properties, role, and biological consequences of SNPs within the IL-1 family members.

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Section: Methods and Techniques For Determining Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%