Introduction to working group on tropospheric ozone, Health Effects Institute environmental epidemiology planning project.

Tager, Ira B.

doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s4205

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An increase in atmospheric CO concentrations could reduce the self‐cleansing ability of the atmosphere and thus modify its chemical, physical, and climatological properties. In the presence of nitrogen oxides, it is a precursor to the formation of tropospheric ozone [ Ridley et al , 1992], which in turn leads to crop damage and human health problems through its effect on the respiratory system [ Tager , 1993].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of carbon monoxide and aerosols from the Terra satellite: Northern Hemisphere variability

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Measurements from the Terra satellite launched in December of 1999 provide a global record of the recent interannual variability of tropospheric air quality: carbon monoxide (CO) from the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument and aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). This paper compares and contrasts these data sets with a view to understanding the general features of the overall pollutant loading of the Northern Hemisphere (NH). We present a detailed examination of the seasonal and recent interannual variability of the fine mode AOD and CO column, first considering the variation of the global zonal average for both quantities, and then concentrating on several geographical regions with the aim of isolating different emissions. In a zonal sense, the principal NH sources are related to anthropogenic urban and industrial activity. We show that both the CO and the AOD zonal seasonal variations reflect the atmospheric oxidant concentration, which determines the primary sink of CO and the production of sulfate aerosol. As a consequence, the seasonal cycles are several months out of phase, with perturbations resulting from sporadic wildfire or biomass-burning emissions. In these cases, carbonaceous particles dominate the AOD, and this results in the best correlation with the CO column. Of the 4 years of data available from the Terra satellite, the winter and spring of 2002-2003 showed anomalously high NH pollution compared to the previous years. This was a result of fires in western Russia in the late summer and fall of 2002 and intense fires in the southeast of Russia in the spring and summer of 2003. We examine these events using fire counts from MODIS to indicate the burning regions and investigate how the timing of the fires in relation to atmospheric oxidant concentrations affects the resultant seasonal pollutant loadings. Finally, we trace the emissions from these fires to indicate how intense local pollution sources can impact continental-and global-scale air quality.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of carbon monoxide and aerosols from the Terra satellite: Northern Hemisphere variability

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…trations is a major remaining uncertainty regarding ozone health effects (7). However, the public health significance of these short-term reversible effects remains uncertain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Residence in Areas of High Ozone: Associations with Respiratory Health in a Nationwide Sample of Nonsmoking Young Adults

Galizia¹,

Kinney²

1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Long-term animal studies have observed morphological changes consistent with early stages of fibrosis at the bronchiolar/alveolar junction in the deep lung-changes that mimic those observed in autopsies of young cigarette smokers (4-6). Whether similar changes occur in humans exposed repeatedly over long periods to ambient ozone concentrations is a major remaining uncertainty regarding ozone health effects (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term residence in areas of high ozone: associations with respiratory health in a nationwide sample of nonsmoking young adults [dsee comments]

Galizia

Kinney

1999

Environ Health Perspect

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Few studies have examined the respiratory effects of multiyear ozone exposures in human populations. We examined associations between current respiratory health status and long-term ozone exposure histories in 520 Yale College (New Haven, CT) students who never smoked. Questionnaires addressed current respiratory symptoms, respiratory disease history, residential history, and other factors. The symptoms of cough, phlegm, wheeze apart from colds, and a composite respiratory symptom index (RSI) were selected as outcome measures. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)), forced expiratory flow rate between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF(25-75)), and forced expiratory flow rate at 75% of FVC (FEF(75)) were obtained by forced expiration into spirometers. Ozone exposure was treated as a dichotomous variable, where subjects were assigned to the high-exposure group if they lived for 4 or more years in a U.S. county with 10-year average summer-season daily 1-hr maximum ozone levels [greater/equal to] 80 ppb. Lung function and respiratory symptoms were analyzed by multiple linear and logistic regression on ozone exposure, controlling for covariates. Lung function was lower in the group with high ozone exposures: differences were statistically significant for FEV(1) [-3.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.2 to -5.9%] and FEF(25-75) (-8.1%; CI, -2.3 to -13.9%), and nearly so for FEF(75) (-6.7%; CI, 1.4 to -14.8). Gender-specific analyses revealed stronger associations for males than for females. The symptoms of chronic phlegm, wheeze apart from colds, and RSI were increased in the ozone-exposed group, with odds ratios of 1.79 (CI, 0.83-3.82), 1.97 (CI, 1.06-3.66), and 2.00 (CI, 1.15-3.46), respectively. We conclude that living for 4 or more years in regions of the country with high levels of ozone and related copollutants is associated with diminished lung function and more frequent reports of respiratory symptoms.

show abstract

Introduction to working group on tropospheric ozone, Health Effects Institute environmental epidemiology planning project.

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Observations of carbon monoxide and aerosols from the Terra satellite: Northern Hemisphere variability

Observations of carbon monoxide and aerosols from the Terra satellite: Northern Hemisphere variability

Long-Term Residence in Areas of High Ozone: Associations with Respiratory Health in a Nationwide Sample of Nonsmoking Young Adults

Long-term residence in areas of high ozone: associations with respiratory health in a nationwide sample of nonsmoking young adults [dsee comments]

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About