Introduction to Transit Oriented Development and Sustainable Cities: Economics, Community and Methods

Knowles, Richard; Ferbrache, Fiona

doi:10.4337/9781788971713.00007

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Beyond the three design failures linked to the formulation process of the FSPA discussed in the last subsection, the FSPA was also elaborated without the aim of coordinating it with the Federal Railway Policy (FRP). Coordinating public transport policy and spatial planning policy is yet widely recognized as an efficient way of densifying urban areas (see Calthorpe 1993;Knowles and Ferbrache, 2019), and the strong interlinkages between these two policies have been largely demonstrated in the Swiss case (e.g., Kaufmann et al, 2003;Koch 2013;Pflieger 2013;Sager 2005). However, from the introduction of the FSPA in 1980 to the early 2000s, Swiss federal authorities did not capitalize on these interlinkages.…”

Section: Failures Related To a Lack Of Integration Of The Federal Rai...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended policy integration through entrepreneurship at the implementation stage

Lambelet

2023

Policy Sci

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Most scholars conceive policy integration (PI) as a top-down process steered by governmental bodies and consider the formulation stage to be the decisive step for achieving PI. Adopting a different stance, this article hypothesizes that PI can also occur throughout the implementation stage thanks to “integration entrepreneurs” who are able and willing to bring together policies that were designed in silos. I test this hypothesis by analyzing the evolution of federal legislation intended to curb urban sprawl in Switzerland over four decades (1980–2020) and investigate three major urban renewal projects that concretely reduced urban sprawl in the cities of Zurich, Bern and Geneva. In line with my hypothesis, these urban renewal projects succeeded thanks to an ex post integration of several policies that occurred during the implementation stage. This integrative process was an unintended outcome of the transformation of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) from a federal government institution into a state-owned company. Since then, the SBB has become an “integration entrepreneur” who brings together three federal policies that were previously poorly integrated: the spatial planning policy, the railway policy and the agglomeration policy. Case study evidence thus shows that PI can also happen unintentionally, namely through coordination mechanisms that were not foreseen by policymakers at the formulation stage. This finding challenges the top-down sequential approach of the policy process that is dominant among PI studies and calls for more research on the role and the strategies of “integration entrepreneurs” throughout the implementation stage.

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Section: Failures Related To a Lack Of Integration Of The Federal Rai...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended policy integration through entrepreneurship at the implementation stage

Lambelet

2023

Policy Sci

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“…However, it has also been advised that increasing urban density along main roads would improve the likelihood of commuting by private car (Zhao, 2013) and public transport. Some studies explore the socioeconomic aspects of transit-oriented development (Pendall, Gainsborough et al, 2012) focussing on equity; whereas several studies points attention to social sustainability (Fernandez Milan, 2016); Sustainability aspects have been documented in their entirety towards relation with transit development (Kheyroddin, Taghvaee et al, 2014) and urban quality (Knowles and Ferbrache, 2019). Also, significant influence of transit-oriented development on mobility attitude has been observed in the recent years (Jen and Huang, 2013;Pongprasert, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing Urban Form on Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Principles

Tiwari

Nigro

Bondada

2023

IRSPSD International

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The world over, increasing automobile trips and the resulting negative consequences, such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and accidents, have been a matter of concern. As a strategy to contain automobile travel by shifting to Transit, a concept called Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has been propagated. This study compares two areas in the city of Naples, Italy, which can be considered a valuable case study. Beginning with the 1997 Transport Plan, the city of Naples has developed a strategy similar to the TOD concept with rail Transit. This study makes a comparative analysis of two urban districts with different urban forms in meeting the characteristics of the TOD concept: 1) the Centro Direzionale, alias central business district, located at the edge of the city centre, and 2) the Municipio area, in the central core of the city. Although different in terms of urban morphology and historical value, these two areas are characterised by high density, mixed land use, and good accessibility to rail transport. The analysis is based on a comprehensive data collection and a comprehensive user response survey, to investigate respectively the features of the analysed districts and travel characteristics of residents and workers. The study analyses socio-economic characteristics along with travel patterns of both areas, to develop meaningful insights regarding the kind of urban form and its level of achieving the benefits of the TOD concept. The paper will conclude with a set of recommendations, on whether to implement high-rise cost-intensive projects in the name of TOD or to preserve the conservative urban form having a glorious urban heritage.

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“…Spatial capital is commonly assessed through (i) the access of a person or social group to a number of transportation options (private vehicles; public systems such as trains, buses, and subway systems; or bike lanes and pedestrian networks) allowing convenient travel to shops or to one's workplace; (ii) access to a number of transportation services that are handicap accessible; and (iii) the sum of choices that individuals (or members of a social group) have across all transportation options, enabling them to easily and efficiently navigate within the city's boundaries (see Figure 3) (Knowles and Ferbrache, 2019).…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

A social-ecological perspective for emerging cities: The case of Corniche promenade, “urban majlis” of Doha

Furlan

Grosvald

Azad

2022

J Infrastruct Policy Dev

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In the past decade, the capital city of Doha of the State of Qatar has experienced rapid urban expansion and other changes due to globalization, which has caused (i) the loss of a compact urban pattern, (ii) landscape fragmentation, and (iii) deficiency of green spaces. Therefore, as envisioned by Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV-2030), the State of Qatar plans to invest substantial funds into the urban regeneration of the built environment, along with the development of large areas of public parks as a means of promoting more sustainable urban development and enhancing city residents’ well-being. Accessibility contributes to the usability of public facilities on the part of the neighborhood community, thus enhancing city dwellers’ well-being. Nonetheless, the authors argue, the urban network along Doha’s Corniche promenade, the dominant open public space and the spine of the city, lacks connectivity at various scales of space. Therefore, this research study aimed to assess the existing conditions of Doha’s Corniche and recommend strategies for implementing its integration into the newly emerging city’s urban fabric. The findings, revealed through a network-analysis investigation based on graph theory, allowed us to generate a framework for shaping open public spaces, promoting higher living standards through a green network system planned at the city scale. The proposed framework addresses social-ecological challenges of distinctive open public spaces and helps define an approach for (i) tailoring the accessibility of open public spaces to their surroundings, and (ii) enhancing city dwellers’ well-being.

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Introduction to Transit Oriented Development and Sustainable Cities: Economics, Community and Methods

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Unintended policy integration through entrepreneurship at the implementation stage

Unintended policy integration through entrepreneurship at the implementation stage

Analysing Urban Form on Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Principles

A social-ecological perspective for emerging cities: The case of Corniche promenade, “urban majlis” of Doha

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