Introduction to the Semitic languages and their history

Pat-El, Na’ama

doi:10.4324/9780429025563-1

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Hebrew and Arabic are Semitic languages with a common ancestry and have coexisted since at least 600 A.D. (Huehnergard & Pat-El, 2019). Arabic is the official language of many countries, including Palestine, Morocco, Algeria, the United Arab Republic, Sudan, Lebanon, Iraq, and the states of the Arabian Peninsula, with over 420 million speakers worldwide.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

Swaitti

Yeshoda

2023

JCLR

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Introduction: Phonology is one of the core subfields of linguistics that involves the organization and use of human speech sounds, or phonemes, in a language. Over time, the pronunciation principles of a language may change, resulting in a phenomenon called phonological change. Phonological change occurs when language users modify the distribution of phonemes in a language. The current study aimed to explain the phonological changes that occur in Hebrew words borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron city, using a borrowing scale and to explain the differences in phonological forms between Hebrew and Palestinian Arabic by comparing the original Hebrew words with the borrowed Hebrew words in terms of the phonetic modifications made in Palestinian Arabic. Methodology: The study involved 100 Arabic-speaking Palestinians of both genders residing in Hebron city, most of whom spoke Hebrew and worked with Jews regularly. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with each participant to achieve the objectives of the study. The interviews were recorded, and the questions focused on their profession, favorite meals, daily routines, frequently visited places, education, and technology. A total of 32 hours of conversations were recorded and analyzed. Results: The results indicated that the most common types of phonological changes in Palestinian Arabic were the substitution phenomenon (consonant substitution and vowel substitution), epenthesis, and deletion. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the lexical borrowing of Hebrew words by Palestinian Arabic has led to various phonological changes to the Palestinian Arabic lexicon in Hebron.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

Swaitti

Yeshoda

2023

JCLR

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“…Based on its broad distribution throughout the Semitic family, the system is commonly reconstructed for Proto-Semitic (cf. Huehnergard 2019: 59) – as is external pluralization, which is attested in every branch of the family. While certain subfamilies do not productively form broken plurals, various traces of the Proto-Semitic broken plural system have been identified in these languages (Huehnergard 1987a: 181–8; Wallace 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ending’”; in our opinion, however, so-called triphthongs like * awa were preserved in Proto-Semitic, only contracting later in some of the individual languages (cf. Suchard 2016: 317–9; Van Putten 2017; pace Huehnergard 2019: 52). Finally, many other scholars note the iconicity of lengthening a vowel to form a plural suffix.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ðaw-ū/ī , ðaw-āt-u/i , the singular forms of which are reconstructible for Proto-Semitic as * θ-ū/ī/ā and * θāt-u/i/a (cf. Huehnergard 2019: 55). The long case vowels in the masculine and lengthened feminine suffix suggest a pre-Proto-Semitic reconstruction as * θw - for the singular stem; the plurals then developed like * θw - w-u/i > * θaw-w-u/i > * θaw-ū/ī > ðaw-ū/ī and * θw-w-at-u/i > * θaw-w-at-u/i > * θaw-āt-u/i > ðaw-āt-u/i .…”

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(Northwest) Semitic sg. **CVCC*-, pl. **CVCaC-ū-*: Broken plural or regular reflex?

Suchard

Groen

2021

Bull. Sch. Orient. Afr. stud.

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This paper provides a new explanation for the insertion of *a in plural forms of *CVCC- nouns also formed with an external plural suffix, e.g. *ʕabd- : *ʕabad-ū- ‘servant(s)’, in various Semitic languages. This *CVCaC-ū- pattern is usually considered to be a remnant of the Proto-Semitic broken plural system in Northwest Semitic, but we show that it goes back to Proto-Semitic in this form. Internal evidence from Semitic as well as comparative evidence from Afroasiatic points towards a pre-Proto-Semitic plural suffix *-w- underlying the external plural suffixes. This suffix created a consonant cluster in the plural of *CVCC- nouns, triggering epenthesis of *a. As the prime example of broken plural formation in Northwest Semitic thus seems to be purely suffixal in origin, we conclude by briefly considering the implications for the history of nominal pluralization in Semitic.

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“… 1 For general information about Soqotra and its culture, see Morris 2021: 1–9. A recent summary description of the Soqotri language and the extant corpora of Soqotri texts is found in Bulakh and Kogan 2019. The history and aims of the Russian-Soqotri research project are described in CSOL I ix.…”

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A “wild man” from the island of Soqotra: a new text in its comparative setting

Belozerova,

Kharitonova,

al-Da‘arhi

2023

Bull. Sch. Orient. Afr. stud.

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The article presents an annotated edition of a newly recorded Soqotri text about a wild man. The authors attempt to locate the story within a wide range of “wild/feral” men narratives. The protagonist of the Soqotri story displays a set of features cross-culturally ascribed to wild men, and the narrative pattern of the account demonstrates a sequence of plot elements and motifs characteristic of this tale-type. The article includes a comparison of the Soqotri tale to the Enkidu narrative known from the Akkadian Epic of Gilgameš. Although both focus on the contact between human society and a wild outsider, the two stories develop the subject differently: while Enkidu loses his wild traits and becomes “civilized”, the Soqotri hero dies unable either to join the human community or to preserve his wild nature once people have interfered with his life.

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Introduction to the Semitic languages and their history

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

(Northwest) Semitic sg. **CVCC*-, pl. **CVCaC-ū-*: Broken plural or regular reflex?

A “wild man” from the island of Soqotra: a new text in its comparative setting

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Introduction to the Semitic languages and their history

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

The Phonological Change in Hebrew Words Borrowed into Palestinian Arabic in Hebron City

(Northwest) Semitic sg. *CVCC-, pl. *CVCaC-ū-: Broken plural or regular reflex?

A “wild man” from the island of Soqotra: a new text in its comparative setting

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(Northwest) Semitic sg. **CVCC*-, pl. **CVCaC-ū-*: Broken plural or regular reflex?