Introduction to Part Three: Spacing Natures: Resourceful and Resilient Community Environmental Practice

Caring in, for, and with Nature: An Integrative Framework to Understand Green Care Practices

“…The empirical work of this study is based on in-depth qualitative research carried out during three years of continuous engagement with the three enterprises, as portrayed in Figure 2. The engagement formed part of a Ph.D. research project informed by place-based, transdisciplinary sustainability science, enriched by the principles and techniques of Participatory Action-Research [13,34,35]. In line with these traditions, the collaboration aimed at not only gathering relevant data, but also at fostering a process of critical reflection and capacity-building in collaboration with the people involved, appreciating assets and capacities rather than focusing on problems and deficiencies [28,35].…”

“…Participants' reflections validated and enriched the researchers' interpretations of the data. During the workshop, visual materials were used to facilitate the discussions and arts-based techniques helped to foster inclusive team-building and invite lateral thinking around the issues at stake [34,35].…”

A Care-Based Approach to Transformative Change: Ethically-Informed Practices, Relational Response-Ability & Emotional Awareness

“…While also being conducive to the gathering of data and information, such engagement is intended to empower participants. This includes, for example, creating the space and conditions to discuss expectations and normative positions concerning the future (Bai et al, 2016;Tschakert, Tuana, Westskog, Koelle, & Afrika, 2016) or prompting learning histories and using social memory to connect and restore a sense of coherence (Franklin, 2018).…”

“…In PAR, being able to respond to the needs of communities requires designing and adapting methods in line with participants' capabilities and expectations. Integral to doing so, is the employment of creative, interactive and empathic techniques, such as participatory video-making and photo-voice (Franklin, 2018;Moriggi, Soini, & Bock, 2020). The concept of response-ability can also inform the idea of research as a performative act, dismissing detachment and neutrality, in favor of a subjective commitment to change.…”

Green Care practices and place-based sustainability transformations : A participatory action-oriented study in Finland

“…Through place-shaping processes, individuals and communities take an active role in developing their territories, in line with their visions and needs, in order make them more liveable for present and future generations (Balvanera et al 2017;. Examples of place-shaping practices include the development of communitybased renewable energy systems, community food initiatives, alternative forms of health care provisioning, as well as innovation hubs -such as makerspaces 2 and DIY (Do-It-Yourself) collectives (Franklin, 2018;.…”