Introduction to Nonlinear Raman Spectrometry

Abstract

The sections in this article are Introduction The Basic Principles Excitation of R aman Vibrations Wave Mixing in R aman‐Active Media Nonlinear Polarization and Nonlinear Susceptibilities Phase Matching The Main Schemes of Nonlinear R aman Spectroscopy Stimulated R aman Scattering Coherent Anti‐Stokes R aman Scattering Four‐Wave Mixing with a Hyper‐ R aman Resonance R aman‐Induced Kerr Effect Degenerate Four‐Wave Mixing Polarization Technique Polarization Properties of the Coherent Four‐Wave Mixing Signal Suppressing the Nonresonant Background Coherent Ellipsometry Time‐Resolved Coherent Anti‐Stokes R aman Scattering Conclusions and Outlook Appendix 1 Glossary of Widely Used Nonlinear R aman Acronyms and Abbreviations

Nano-optical dimension of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering

“…CARS spectroscopy is extensively used for gas-phase, plasma, flame, and combustion diagnostics, investigations of energy relaxation pathways in molecular systems, and high-resolution spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5]. Most recent advances in CARS include femtosecond time-resolved measurements [13], three-dimensional microscopy [14], and coherence-controlled CARS [15].…”

“…The past four decades have witnessed the impressive conceptual and technical growth of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) [1][2][3][4][5], which has developed from an elegant idea and a promising new technique [6][7][8][9][10] to one of the most powerful and informative spectroscopic methods, capable of providing unique information on the physical parameters, chemical composition, and biological properties of matter [11,12]. CARS spectroscopy is extensively used for gas-phase, plasma, flame, and combustion diagnostics, investigations of energy relaxation pathways in molecular systems, and high-resolution spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5]. Most recent advances in CARS include femtosecond time-resolved measurements [13], three-dimensional microscopy [14], and coherence-controlled CARS [15].…”