Introduction to Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems (ABS)

Improved single-step extraction performance of aqueous biphasic systems using novel symmetric ionic liquids for the decolorisation of toxic dye effluents

“…However, the acquired efficiencies were not good enough, and the implementation of extraction technique based on hydrophobic ILs on a large scale would be limited due to high costs, since these types of ILs often contain expensive and non-stable fluorinated anion [25]. On the other side, hydrophilic ILs have much greater potential to be applied in separation processes due to the availability of ''greener'' anions and less expensive materials [26].…”

“…[28][29][30]. Moreover, IL-ABSs have significant advantages such as the aqueous nature of the coexisting phases, fast phases separation, low cost and simple scale-up to be used in continuous operation [26,29]. Due to…”

Equilibrium Data for Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Formed by Ionic Liquid (1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Methanesulfonate, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride, and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride) and Inorganic Salts (Dibasic Potassium Phosphate and Tripotassium Phosphate) at 298.15 K

“…The aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are a viable alternative to the traditional LLE once their phases are composed mostly of water in the presence of other components that are neither toxic nor flammable. These systems not only provide a mild environment for the extraction of molecules like proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and other types of sensitive components but also have a low superficial tension, allowing an easier migration of the solutes among the phases. − …”

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are a group of salts that have low melting points due to their disordered crystal lattice. This group of salts has desirable physiochemical properties, like volatility, great capacity of solubilizing several types of molecules, high physical and chemical stabilities, nonflammability, and great recovery potential. − Accordingly, the ATPS formed with ILs have been widely studied lately, since they have the potential to replace the traditional LLE methods. − …”

A Triple Salting‐Out Effect is Required for the Formation of Ionic‐Liquid‐Based Aqueous Multiphase Systems

“…[7,8] Their unique properties, such as their high solvation ability for a large range of compounds and the possibility of tuning their properties by the correct choice of both the cation and anion, makes IL-based ABS valuable in processes of extraction and separation of a wide range of compounds. [9] Furthermore, these types of systems present additional and outstanding advantages when compared to the more traditional polymer-based systems, such as low viscosity, quick phase separation, and high extraction efficiencies for the most diverse biomolecules,[7] contributing to the development of more cost-effective processes.…”