Introduction to Fungal Lipids

Weete, John D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2829-2_1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Identification was made using the Supelco 37 Component FAME Mix mixture of individual fatty acid methyl esters (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA). The degree of unsaturation of the phospholipids (DU) was calculated according to the following equation [ 40 ]: DU = 1.0 × (% monoene FA)/100 + 2.0 × (% diene FA)/100 + 3.0 × (% triene FA)/100 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Osmolytes and Membrane Lipids in the Adaptation of Acidophilic Fungi

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acidophiles maintain near-neutral intracellular pH using proton pumps. We have suggested the protective role of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptation to an acidic environment. Previously we have observed, for the first time, high levels of trehalose in acidophilic basidiomycete Sistotrema brinkmannii. Here, we have studied the composition of both osmolytes and membrane lipids of two more acidophilic fungi. Trehalose and polyols were among the main osmolytes during growth under optimal conditions (pH 4.0) in basidiomycete Phlebiopsis gigantea and ascomycete Mollisia sp. Phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, and sterols, were predominant membrane lipids in both fungi. P. gigantea had a narrow optimum of growth at pH 4.0, resulting in a sharp decline of growth rate at pH 2.6 and 5.0, accompanied by a decrease in the number of osmolytes and significant changes in the composition of membrane lipids. In contrast, Mollisia sp. had a broad optimal growth range (pH 3.0–5.0), and the number of osmolytes either stayed the same (at pH 6.0) or increased (at pH 2.6), while membrane lipids composition remained unchanged. Thus, the data obtained indicate the participation of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptation of acidophilic fungi.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Osmolytes and Membrane Lipids in the Adaptation of Acidophilic Fungi

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the chromatography, the temperature was gradually increased from 130 to 240 С. Fatty acids were identified using the Supelco 37 Component FAME mix (mixture of fatty acid methyl esters). The degree of unsaturation was calculated by the equation: D/mole = 1.0 Â (% monoene)/100 + 2.0 Â (% dienes)/100 + 3.0 Â (% trienes)/100 (Weete, 1974).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The heat shock (HS) response is an adaptation of organisms to elevated temperature. It includes substantial changes in the composition of cellular membranes, proteins and soluble carbohydrates. To protect the cellular macromolecules, thermophilic organisms have evolved mechanisms of persistent thermotolerance. Many of those mechanisms are common for thermotolerance and the HS response. However, it remains unknown whether thermophilic species respond to HS by further elevating concentrations of protective components. We investigated the composition of the soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids of the thermophilic fungi Rhizomucor tauricus and Myceliophthora thermophilaat optimum temperature conditions (41-43 С), and under HS (51-53 С). At optimum temperatures, the membrane lipid composition was characterized by a high proportion of phosphatidic acids (PA) (20-35 % of the total), which were the main components of the membrane lipids, together with phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and sterols (St). In response to HS, the proportion of PA and St increased, and the amount of PC and PE decreased. No decrease in the degree of fatty acid desaturation in the major phospholipids under HS was detected. The mycelium of all fungi at optimum temperatures contained high levels of trehalose (8-10 %, w/w; 60-95 % of the total carbohydrates), which is a hallmark of thermophilia. In contrast to mesophilic fungi, heat exposure decreased the trehalose level and the fungi did not acquire thermotolerance to lethal HS, indicating that trehalose plays a key role in this process. This pattern of changes appears to be conserved in the studied filamentous thermophilic fungi.

show abstract

“…In our studies, we have shown that PAs, which are minor components in non-extremophiles [ 44 ], are present in extremophiles, either as predominant or as one of the main membrane lipids [ 24 , 25 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. PAs are multifunctional and poorly studied compounds, being a key metabolite of lipogenesis and performing regulatory and structural functions [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification was carried out using the Supelco 37 Component FAME Mix mixture of individual fatty acid methyl esters (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA). The degree of unsaturation of the phospholipids (DU) was calculated according to the following equation [ 44 ]: DU = 1.0 × (% monoene FA)/100 + 2.0 × (% diene FA)/100 + 3.0 × (% triene FA)/100 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Lipids and Osmolytes in the Response of the Acidophilic Basidiomycete Phlebiopsis gigantea to Heat, Cold, and Osmotic Shocks

Ianutsevich,

Danilova,

Grum-Grzhimaylo

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previously, we found for the first time the participation of osmolytes in adaptation to acidic conditions in three acidophilic fungi. Because trehalose can protect membranes, we hypothesized a relationship between osmolyte and membrane systems in adaptation to stressors. In the mycelium of Phlebiopsis gigantea, the level of osmolytes reaches 8% of the dry mass, while trehalose and arabitol make up 60% and 33% of the sum, respectively. Cold shock does not change the composition of osmolytes, heat shock causes a twofold increase in the trehalose level, and osmotic shock leads to a marked increase in the amount of trehalose and arabitol. Predominance of phospholipids (89% of the sum) and low proportions of sterols and sphingolipids are characteristic features of the membrane lipids’ composition. Phosphatidic acids, along with phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines, are the main membrane lipids. The composition of the membrane lipids remains constant under all shocks. The predominance of linoleic (75% of the sum) and palmitic (20%) acids in phospholipids results in a high degree of unsaturation (1.5). Minor fluctuations in the fatty acid composition are observed under all shocks. The results demonstrate that maintaining or increasing the trehalose level provides stability in the membrane lipid composition during adaptation.

show abstract

Introduction to Fungal Lipids

Cited by 9 publications

References 114 publications

The Role of Osmolytes and Membrane Lipids in the Adaptation of Acidophilic Fungi

The Role of Osmolytes and Membrane Lipids in the Adaptation of Acidophilic Fungi

Heat shock response of thermophilic fungi: membrane lipids and soluble carbohydrates under elevated temperatures

Membrane Lipids and Osmolytes in the Response of the Acidophilic Basidiomycete Phlebiopsis gigantea to Heat, Cold, and Osmotic Shocks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About