Introduction to Eye Tracking in Tourism

Rainoldi, Mattia; Jooss, Mario

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49709-5_1

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Nonetheless, the sample of users (n = 48) sits comfortably toward the higher end of studies that have incorporated eye-tracking in tourism (i.e., N = 12-63; Rainoldi & Jooss, 2020). The AR head-mounted display identified when users' gaze intersected with digital assets.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Magic Leap in Tourism: Intended and Realized Experience of Head-Mounted Augmented Reality in a Museum Context

Bird

Smart

Harris

et al. 2022

Journal of Travel Research

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Augmented reality (AR) is an emergent technology in tourism. However, research concerning the AR user experience is relatively scarce and seldom addresses the intentions of designers. Accordingly, we sought to: (a) explore the design intentions underlying a multi-user, purpose-built AR experience; (b) assess the extent to which users’ realized experience aligned with the designers’ intended experience; and (c) examine the relationships between users’ internal states and their associated behavior, in alignment with a Stimulus-Organism-Response framework. In Study 1, designers ( n = 5) took part in a focus group and completed a design intentions survey. In Study 2, users ( n = 48) tested the AR experience, and a range of subjective (e.g., affective responses) and objective (i.e., visual attention) data were recorded. Findings indicated designer–user disparities primarily at the organism and response levels. Additionally, users’ affective responses to the AR experience were strongly associated with visitor engagement.

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eye-tracking technology has become a powerful tool to help researchers examine the perception of visual stimuli in tourism (Rainoldi & Jooss, 2020). For example, screen- and mobile-based eye-tracking devices have been used to examine tourists’ attentional processes in relation to marketing materials (Scott et al, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Magic Leap in Tourism: Intended and Realized Experience of Head-Mounted Augmented Reality in a Museum Context

Bird

Smart

Harris

et al. 2022

Journal of Travel Research

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“…W kolejnej pozycji pt. "Eye tracking in tourism" [9], autorzy prezentują przykłady proaktywnych działań, które można podjąć, bazując na wynikach przeprowadzonych badań. Należy wykorzystać fakt, że turyści znacznie bardziej koncentrują się na dziele, gdy jest przy nim opis w postaci tylko jednej linii.…”

Section: Przegląd Literaturyunclassified

User experience analysis while visiting selected virtual museums

Poleszak¹,

Dzieńkowski

2022

jcsi

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The paper concerns the study of User Experience by focusing on the usability and user satisfaction aspects. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the usability of two selected virtual museums conducted with 3 research methods: using an oculograph, a System Usability Scale (SUS) usability survey and Nielsen heuristic. The examination was conducted on the following museums that offer virtual tours: Muzeum Instrumentów Muzycznych in Poznan and Muzeum Zamojskie in Zamosc. The participants of the eye tracking experiment and the SUS survey were 22 students of Computer Science at the Politechnika Lubelska, while the Nielsen heuristics analysis was performed by 3 graduate students with relevant qualifications. The obtained eye tracking data, the results of the SUS questionnaires and the evaluation of the Nielsen heuristics were analyzed quantitatively. In addition, a qualitative analysis of eye tracking results was conducted, which provided heat maps and scanning paths. As a result, it was revealed that in the oculography method, the analyzed websites obtained comparable results. However, in the test performed with the SUS usability survey Muzeum Instrumentów Muzycznych achieved a better result. The expert team reviewing Nielsen heuristics also ranked the museum higher.

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“…Application of eye trackers in research connected with architectural heritage and related fields such as painting, sculpture, museology, archaeology [43] or cultural tourism [44,45] remains innovative. Eye trackers, both portable and stationary, have been used while researching human-oriented strategy for protecting cityscapes or the relationship of architecture and landscape or urban context [46,47].…”

Section: Eye Trackers and Cultural Heritagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A search for new methods of studying the opinion of the society seems essential as 'future "politics of conservation" must also be accepted and supported by society' [89]. Although some architects and conservators declare more or less openly that 'the idea of public consultation has become fetishized and is simply fashionable, ' [67] the author believes that such a community-oriented approach is not so much a fad as an organically progressing evolution, thanks to which the opinions of the society can be studied and taken into consideration on many coexisting levels so that the applicable law and procedures become more and more adequate and effective [44,90], or in other words, as optimal as possible in a given situation. It is an important step towards a situation in…”

Section: Summary and Future Research Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye-tracking support for architects, conservators, and museologists. Anastylosis as pretext for research and discussion

Rusnak

2021

Herit Sci

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Conservators, museologists, and architects make extremely complex decisions capable of affecting the way people perceive monuments. One might give this idea deeper consideration while pondering anastylosis. One of the things a designer should do when selecting a method of merging together parts of a damaged monument is answer the question whether the chosen method will facilitate the interest of onlookers in the presented object. In which case will the observers spend most of their time looking at the authentic relic fragments and distinguishing between the old and the new parts? The definitions in force do not explain how to approach this topic. By using eye-tracking research, we can learn how observers look at historical objects that have been reassembled again. By combining the observation of visual behaviours with a survey of people looking at such objects, it is possible to see how the process of classifying what is new and old actually works. This knowledge allows for more conscious approach to heritage management processes. In future, results of eye-tracking experiments should help experts plan sustainable conservation projects. Thanks to knowing the reactions of regular people, one will be able to establish conservation programmes in which the material preservation of a monument will reflect the way in which this object affects contemporary onlookers. Such an approach ought to result in real social and economic benefits.

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Introduction to Eye Tracking in Tourism

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

A Magic Leap in Tourism: Intended and Realized Experience of Head-Mounted Augmented Reality in a Museum Context

A Magic Leap in Tourism: Intended and Realized Experience of Head-Mounted Augmented Reality in a Museum Context

User experience analysis while visiting selected virtual museums

Eye-tracking support for architects, conservators, and museologists. Anastylosis as pretext for research and discussion

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