“…In addition, the challenges encountered along the way, such as trauma, loss of loved ones, poor health, poverty and unemployment, have been found to make life mentally and physically difficult (Adey et al 2020;Kabranian-Melkonian 2015). Indeed, vast humanitarian implications stem from refugee crises, as refugees are vulnerable and they require shelter, water, medical care, food and other services (Adey et al 2020;Braithwaite et al 2019). Dealing with the conditions in refugee camps involves transitions, particularly in terms of geographical dislocation and different social conditions, and these often create further vulnerabilities (Leaning 2001).…”