In this introductory chapter my aim is to answer these two questions: Why am I editing this Handbook? What are its main contributions and contents? I jointly address them in the following six sections.
TRANSDISCIPLINARY URBAN SOCIAL SCIENCESThis Handbook responds, above all, to my interest in emphasising and revealing the contributions of sociology to urban scholarship. In so doing, one first needs to map which other disciplines are related to the study of urban phenomena and the implications of this plurality for urban sociology.For some colleagues, 'urban sociology' is an outdated and fuzzy designation of a research sub-discipline within the broader fields of sociology and urban studies, respectively. Urban sociology is concerned with housing, public spaces, and social life in cities, to name a few of its usual research topics. Other academic disciplines, however, are equally interested in the investigation of topics like these. Urban studies have always been quite interdisciplinary, or better, 'transdisciplinary', as all urban disciplines can potentially nurture each other, not just sit side by side in the same train. Sociologists are only one of the groups of passengers, all helping to keep the train moving, together with, for example, geographers, anthropologists, economists, architects, urban planners and designers, historians, political scientists, social psychologists, social workers, educators, legal scholars, ecologists, philosophers, and artists. Journalists and writers such as Lewis Mumford and Jane Jacobs could also be named as salient figures in the history of urban theorisation.To some extent, this is a healthy and win-win development. Multiple academic insights and traditions contribute to the production of knowledge around cities and urban phenomena. We all learn from each other, at least potentially, although there is always the risk of only achieving a 'mediocre compromise' (Lefebvre 2003: 54).Transdisciplinary cooperation has been meaningful inasmuch as urban studies has been capable of amalgamating all that scholarship within the umbrella of social sciences as 'urban social sciences'. The situation changed once natural scientists also jumped in and broadened the scope of challenges. The old dream of bridging the domains of natural and social sciences (the positivist unity of all sciences, according to Auguste Comte) has recently been revived with the labels 'urban science' and 'the science of cities' (Batty 2013, Gleeson 2013, Parnell & Robinson 2017, West 2017. The rise of so called 'smart cities' and urbanism shaped by digital platforms or the environmental impacts of urban life, for example, have called in hardcore scientists such as engineers, mathematicians, biochemists, physicists, big data analysts, and health scholars. Pressing issues related to transport, energy consumption, climate warming,