Abstract-This paper presents a novel bilateral control scheme for pneumatic teleoperation systems that are actuated by lowcost solenoid valves. A sliding mode control is incorporated into a two-channel, bilateral teleoperation architecture involving position-position, force-force, or force-position schemes. An analysis of stability and transparency of the closed-loop teleoperation system is carried out. The proposed control design is verified on a single-degree-of-freedom pneumatic teleoperation system with four on/off solenoid valves. Moreover, simulation results demonstrate high accuracies in terms of position and force tracking in the teleoperation system. Index terms-Pneumatic actuator, on/off solenoid valve, sliding mode control, haptic teleoperation, stability.