Introduction — The Genus Rhizoctonia

Ogoshi, Akira

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_1

Cited by 98 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The most important species of Rhizoctonia, R. solani, was originally described by Julius Kühn on potato in 1858 and is the most widely documented and the most important and destructive species of Rhizoctonia (Ogoshi 1996). In nature, usually R. solani has asexual reproduction and exists primarily as vegetative mycelium and/or sclerotia.…”

Section: Taxonomic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomolecular aspects of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Taheri

Tarighi

2010

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Sheath blight, caused by anastomosis group 1-IA of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk), is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. The pathogen is able to infect plants belonging to more than 27 families, including many economically important monocots and dicots such as rice, wheat, alfalfa, bean, peanut, soybean, cucumber, papaya, corn, potato, tomato and sugar beet. It is a soil borne necrotrophic fungus that survives in plant debris as sclerotia, which are small brown-to-black, rocklike reproductive structures. The sclerotia can survive in the soil for several years and infect rice plants at the water-plant interface in the flooded field by producing mycelia. Management of rice sheath blight requires an integrated approach based on the knowledge of each stage of the disease and cytomolecular aspects of rice defence responses against R. solani. This review summarizes current knowledge on molecular aspects of R. solani pathogenicity, genetic structure of the pathogen populations, and the rice-R. solani interaction with emphasis on cellular and molecular defence components such as signal transduction pathways, various plant hormones, host defence genes and production of defence-related proteins involved in basal and induced resistance in rice against sheath blight disease.

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Section: Taxonomic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomolecular aspects of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Taheri

Tarighi

2010

Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…We use R. solani, an economically important parasite and saprophyte, for which molecular methods of quantification of biomass have been developed using genus-specific and species-specific monoclonal antibodies (Dewey, Thornton & Gilligan, 1997). Rhizoctonia solani is a ubiquitous parasite in many soils, with a wide host range (Ogoshi, 1996). It causes significant losses due to damping-off, root and stem decay in many crops including wheat, potatoes and rice.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of physical conditions on the spatial and temporal dynamics of the soil‐borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Otten

Gilligan

1998

New Phytologist

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The transmission of infection by many soil-borne fungal parasites of plants depends on the ability of the fungus to grow on or through soil. Progress in analysing the effects of soil physical factors on the temporal and spatial dynamics of fungal growth has been hindered by technical difficulties of quantifying fungal biomass in soil and heterogeneity in soil properties. In this paper we use a combination of a monoclonal antibody-based immunosorbent assay and microscopy to analyse the effects of soil physical properties on the spatial and temporal dynamics of colonies of the economically important fungus Rhizoctonia solani Ku$ hn growing in two dimensions and three dimensions in a sand. Combinations of different particle-size distributions and matric potential are used to manipulate the air-filled pore volume and pore-size distribution independently of each other. Temporal dynamics are measured by the change in fungal biomass over time whereas spatial dynamics relate to fungal spread and are measured by the colony size, the rate of colony expansion and the biomass distribution within colonies. We show that the fungus spreads more than three times further over surfaces than through sand, even though the same amount of biomass is produced in each case. Pore-size distribution and air-filled pore space both affected the extent and rate of fungal spread in three dimensions within sand, with more rapid and extensive spread in a coarse sand compared with a fine sand at identical air-filled pore volume. The spread of fungal hyphae along surfaces was affected neither by differences in surface texture nor by air-filled volume, and was substantially more homogeneous than for three-dimensional spread. We argue that the relative impermeability of sand surfaces to penetration by hyphae might be influenced by the ability of the fungus to branch within a confined space rather than simply to penetrate the pores. The broader epidemiological and ecological consequences of preferential spread by parasitic and saprophytic fungi along surfaces rather than through the dense soil volume are discussed.

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“…Therefore, the water represents a fundamental medium for dispersing these structures, and without rains or adequate humidity the sclerotium does not germinate unless in contact with the host plant. Ogoshi (1996) mentions that Rhizoctonia solani mycelium was found in the soil in the autumn and spring, whereas it was almost absent in summer (the hot, dry period in temperate regions). In the same way, in tree branches, if the humidity is too low, the probability of association between orchid roots and mycelium is lower during the dry season in tropical regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality and mycorrhizal colonization in three species of epiphytic orchids in southeast Mexico

Bertolini

Cruz-Blasi

Damon³

et al. 2014

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Orchids establish symbiosis with Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal fungi, forming the characteristic pelotons within the cells of the root cortex. Under natural conditions, terrestrial and epiphytic orchids have different levels of dependence upon the fungal symbiont, although various authors have mentioned that once orchid plants reach maturity the interaction becomes weaker and intermittent. Recent evidence shows that in some epiphytic orchid species mycorrhization is constant and systematic. In three species of wild orchids from southeast Mexico, we show that mycorrhization is systematically present in roots of different ages, in the wet and dry seasons. We demonstrate that the volume of the root that is colonized depends upon the quantity of rainfall and the diameter of the root, and that rainfall also determines the presence of fresh, undigested pelotons. In very thin roots, mycorrhizal colonization occupies a considerable proportion of the cortex, whereas in thicker roots the proportion of the volume of the root cortex colonized is lower.

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Introduction — The Genus Rhizoctonia

Cited by 98 publications

References 23 publications

Cytomolecular aspects of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Cytomolecular aspects of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Effect of physical conditions on the spatial and temporal dynamics of the soil‐borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

Seasonality and mycorrhizal colonization in three species of epiphytic orchids in southeast Mexico

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