Introduction: The Functions and Interactions of Non-State Actors in the Realm of International Humanitarian Law

Heffes, Ezequiel; Kotlik, Marcos D.; Ventura, Manuel J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-6265-339-9_1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, NSAGs are not involved in the development of IHL by means of treaty or custom: they do not participate in treaty negotiations or become party to such instruments, and their practice does not constitute "State practice" constituent of customary law. 141 Nevertheless, some submit that, with their activities, such actors "have consistently and conspicuously affected the evolution of IHL for a long time", 142 in particular through the conclusion of special agreements among parties to the conflict on the application of IHL or through the adoption of action plans with the UN. 143 Similarly, there are signs that the practice of NSAGs is, if not accepted on a formal normative level by States, at least accepted for practical reasons in many respects.…”

Section: The Role Of Non-state Armed Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How international humanitarian law develops

Droege¹,

Giorgou²

2022

Int. rev. Red Cross

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This article takes a critical look at the development of international humanitarian law (IHL), from its early codification in the Hague and Geneva Conventions to the present day. It examines why and how IHL develops – through treaty, custom, interpretation and soft-law instruments, as well as the influence of jurisprudence and other branches of law. In doing so, it highlights some of the distinctive elements of IHL that set it apart from other bodies of law and explains how these elements influence IHL development. Turning to the present, it addresses some of the key arguments commonly heard against attempting any further development of IHL, by answering the following three key questions: Does IHL need to develop further? If so, how can this be achieved? And what are the prospects for such development in the near future? In answering these questions, the article argues that IHL will continue to develop in many ways, and that while the current environment does not appear propitious for new legally binding norms of IHL, they continue to be both necessary and possible.

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Section: The Role Of Non-state Armed Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How international humanitarian law develops

Droege¹,

Giorgou²

2022

Int. rev. Red Cross

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“…the last theory affirms that international law regulates special agreements. 62 embracing this approach brings advantages to both sides in the conflict. one of the strongest arguments is the symmetrical relation between the parties.…”

Section: Legal Status Of Special Agreements In the Internationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of Special Agreements Signed by Non-State Armed Groups in Non-International Conflicts

Lugo

Velásquez

2020

AMDI

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El derecho internacional ha reconocido la existencia y la fuerza legal de acuerdos especiales firmados por actores no estatales (NSAG ) en el contexto de conflictos armados no internacionales (NIAC ). Sin embargo, considerando el escaso desarrollo de esta área en el derecho internacional, la praxis evidencia que los gobiernos nacionales brindan un tratamiento legal diferente a estos instrumentos. En consecuencia, no existe un camino claro para obligar a las partes a cumplir lo que acordaron internacionalmente. Este documento tiene como objetivo establecer la vulnerabilidad de los acuerdos especiales como resultado de la falta de protección del derecho internacional. Como principales puntos de reflexión, se aborda: a) la capacidad legal de los actores no estatales, b) el tratamiento legal que el derecho internacional confiere a estos instrumentos, y c) revisión de casos.

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“…70 Ownership of norms may also be achieved by armed groups signing special agreements that go beyond their treaty obligations under international humanitarian law. 71 As part of efforts to promote compliance, armed groups are also regularly encouraged to sign deeds of commitment setting out their commitment to certain existing humanitarian norms. 72 The efforts of Geneva Call have been pioneering in this regard.…”

Section: Towards An Accountability Of Armed Groups?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…https://www.icrc.org/en/document/conflict-disaster-crisis-UN-redcross-issue-warning. Accessed 29 June 2017; see alsoUN Security Council (2016a), paras 3, 4 and 9.3 See for example Zegveld 2002; Sivakumaran 2012; Murray 2016; Fortin 2017.4 See for exampleBangerter 2011Bangerter , 2015Bellal and Casey-Maslen 2011;Bongard and Somer 2011, Heffes andKotlik 2014;Sassòli 2010; Sivakumaran 2015. 158 K. Fortin…”

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confidence: 99%

Armed Groups and Procedural Accountability: A Roadmap for Further Thought

Fortin

2017

Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law

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This chapter investigates the meaning of the term "accountability", as it is used in policy discussions surrounding armed groups. It takes a detailed look at literature from public administration on the concept of procedural accountability and applies it to the various accountability mechanisms that evaluate the conduct of armed groups against international norms. In doing so, the chapter points out some of the shortcomings of some of these accountability mechanisms. It ends by examining some of the more innovative accountability models, such as the process created by Geneva Call and the ad hoc processes created by the UNAMA field office in Afghanistan vis-à-vis the Taliban.

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Introduction: The Functions and Interactions of Non-State Actors in the Realm of International Humanitarian Law

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

How international humanitarian law develops

How international humanitarian law develops

Vulnerability of Special Agreements Signed by Non-State Armed Groups in Non-International Conflicts

Armed Groups and Procedural Accountability: A Roadmap for Further Thought

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