Introduction: The evolutionary and biocultural causes and consequences of rising cesarean birth rates

Rosenberg, Karen; Veile, Amanda

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23230

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, a limitation of previous research is that data on obstructed labor itself are not collected in DHS surveys. Cesarean delivery is a challenging outcome to interpret, as the procedure is used for various reasons, some medically indicated but unrelated to cephalopelvic disproportion or other forms of obstructed labor, and others not associated with medical need (Boerma & Ronsmans, 2019;Neuman et al, 2014;Rosenberg & Trevathan, 2018;Rosenberg & Veile, 2019). There is widespread concern that the rate of cesareans is excessive in wealthier groups, reflecting factors such as wealth and defensive medicine (where clinical decisions are influenced by the aim of protecting clinicians from litigation), whereas in poorer settings the facilities required may be inadequate (Boatin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Applying An Evolutionary Approach To Childbirth In Low-income Populations Undergoing Nutrition Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, further work is needed to explain the significant global burden of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with childbirth (Ronsmans et al, 2006), and the variable epidemiological distribution of this burden (Rosenberg & Veile, 2019). In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), for every mother who dies during childbirth an additional 30-50 suffer injury, infection, or disease (Islam, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal physical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics and childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal: Applying an evolutionary framework to understand the role of phenotypic plasticity

Wells

Marphatia

Cortina‐Borja

et al. 2021

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Evolutionary perspectives on human childbirth have primarily focused on characteristics of our species in general, rather than variability within and between contemporary populations. We use an evolutionary framework to explore how physical and demographic characteristics of mothers shape the risks of childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal, where childbearing typically commences in adolescence and chronic undernutrition is widespread, though maternal overweight is increasing in association with nutrition transition. Methods:We conducted secondary analyses of data from a clusterrandomized trial. Women aged 14-35 years were categorized by age, number of previous pregnancies, height, body mass index (BMI), husband's education, and household wealth. Multivariable logistic regression models tested whether these characteristics independently predicted risks of episiotomy and cesarean section (CS, n = 14 261), and obstructed labor (OL, n = 5185). Results: Risks were greatest among first-time adolescent mothers, though associations with age varied by outcome. Independent of age and parity, short stature and high BMI increased risks of CS and OL, whereas associations were weaker for episiotomy. Male offspring had increased risk of CS and OL but not episiotomy. Wealth was not associated with OL, but lower wealth and lower husband's education were associated with lower likelihood of episiotomy and CS.Conclusions: At the individual level, the risk childbirth complications is shaped by trade-offs between fertility, growth, and survival. Some biological markers of disadvantage (early childbearing, short stature) increased the risk, whereas low socio-economic status was associated with lower risk, indicating reduced access to relevant facilities. Independent of these associations, maternal age showed complex effects.

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Section: Applying An Evolutionary Approach To Childbirth In Low-income Populations Undergoing Nutrition Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal physical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics and childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal: Applying an evolutionary framework to understand the role of phenotypic plasticity

Wells

Marphatia

Cortina‐Borja

et al. 2021

American J Hum Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In other cases, social norms and attitudes set the value on certain “medicalized” conditions. Cesarean‐sections are often performed unnecessarily because vaginal deliveries are incorrectly viewed as less safe (Cecilia De Mello, ; Rosenberg & Trevathan, ; Rosenberg & Veile, ). Cosmetic surgery trends vary across nations based on localized standards of physical attractiveness (Holliday & Elfving‐Hwang, ; Tranter & Hanson, ), and many patients seek elective cosmetic surgeries to “correct” perceived deformities that fall within normal (and healthy) variation (Honigman, Phillips, & Castle, ) in order to enhance their social value in their cultural context (Haas, Champion, & Secor, ).…”

Section: A Critique Of the Theoretical Foundations Of The Dominant Psmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health is biological health: Why tackling “diseases of the mind” is an imperative for biological anthropology in the 21st century

Syme

Hagen

2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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The germ theory of disease and the attendant public health initiatives, including sanitation, vaccination, and antibiotic treatment, led to dramatic increases in global life expectancy. As the prevalence of infectious disease declines, mental disorders are emerging as major contributors to the global burden of disease. Scientists understand little about the etiology of mental disorders, however, and many of the most popular psychopharmacological treatments, such as antidepressants and antipsychotics, have only moderate-to-weak efficacy in treating symptoms and fail to target biological systems that correspond to discrete psychiatric syndromes. Consequently, despite dramatic increases in the treatment of some mental disorders, there has been no decrease in the prevalence of most mental disorders since accurate record keeping began. Many researchers and theorists are therefore endeavoring to rethink psychiatry from the ground-up. Anthropology, especially biological anthropology, can offer critical theoretical and empirical insights to combat mental illness globally. Biological anthropologists are unique in that we take a panhuman approach to human health and behavior and are trained to address each of Tinbergen's four levels of analysis as well as culture. The field is thus exceptionally well-situated to help resolve the mysteries of mental illness by integrating biological, evolutionary, and sociocultural perspectives. K E Y W O R D S evolutionary medicine, mental health, psychopathology

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Causes and Consequences of Rising Cesarean Rates in Yucatec Maya Farmers

Tuller¹

2019

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Introduction: The evolutionary and biocultural causes and consequences of rising cesarean birth rates

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Maternal physical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics and childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal: Applying an evolutionary framework to understand the role of phenotypic plasticity

Maternal physical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics and childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal: Applying an evolutionary framework to understand the role of phenotypic plasticity

Mental health is biological health: Why tackling “diseases of the mind” is an imperative for biological anthropology in the 21st century

Causes and Consequences of Rising Cesarean Rates in Yucatec Maya Farmers

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