Introduction of SARS‐COV‐2 C.37 (WHO VOI lambda) from Peru to Italy

Baj, Andreina; Novazzi, Federica; Ferrante, Francesca Drago; Genoni, Angelo; Cassani, Gianluca; Prestia, Martina; Colombo, Alberto; Capuano, Riccardo; Zago, Christian; Pasciuta, Renée; Tamborini, Antonio; Rossi, Agostino; Tettamanzi, Elena; Catanoso, Giuseppe; Focosi, Daniele; Maffioli, Lorenzo; Maggi, Fabrizio

doi:10.1002/jmv.27235

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Mutations which can also be found in the Delta variant are present in this variant at the higher prevalence and act similarly [ 22 ] 8 B.1.525 21D/20A Eta VOI MUL Q52R, A67V, E484K, Q677H, F888L Q677H and E484K result in reduced neutralization by various antibody treatments [ 119 , 120 ] 9 B.1.526 21F/20C Iota VOI USA L5F, T95I, D253G, E484K Mutations in common with the Beta, Gamma and Delta variants perform similarly 10 C.37 21G/20D Lambda VOI PER G75V, T76I, L452Q, F490S, T859N L452Q and F490S are on the RBD of the S protein. The former is exclusive to C.37 and is responsible for enhancing the affinity for the ACE2 receptor, while the latter is responsible for decreased neutralization by antibodies [ 121 , 122 ]). T76I is also involved in increasing viral infectivity [ 123 ] 11 B.1.621 21H Mu VOI COL T95I, Y144S, Y145N, R346K, E484K, N501Y, P681H Mutations that are also found in the previously mentioned Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta variants show similar effects as described previously 12 B.1.427 and B.1.429 21C Epsilon VOI (currently De-escalated) USA S13I, W152C, L452R L452R mutation decreases the activity of multiple RBD specific monoclonal antibodies, while W152C and L452R abrogate the action of the NTD supersite directed antibodies [ 124 ] 13 B.1.1.519 20B/S:...…”

Section: Sars-cov2 Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines

et al. 2022

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Background The mayhem COVID-19 that was ushered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was declared pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since its initial outbreak in late 2019, the virus has affected hundreds of million adults in the world and killing millions in the process. After the approval of newly developed vaccines, severe challenges remain to manufacture and administer them to the adult population globally in quick time. However, we have witnessed several mutations of the virus leading to 'waves' of viral spread and mortality. WHO has categorized these mutations as variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs). The mortality due to COVID-19 has also been associated with various comorbidities and improper immune response. This has created further complications in understanding the nature of the SARS-CoV2-host interaction that has fuelled doubts in the efficacy of the approved vaccines. Whether there is requirement of booster dose and whether the impending wave could affect the children are some of the hotly debated topics. Materials and Methods A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar was utilized to understand the nature of Delta variant and how it alters our T-cell responses and cytokine production and neutralizes vaccinegenerated antibodies. ConclusionIn this review, we discuss the variants of SARS-CoV2 with specific focus on the Delta variant. We also specifically review the T-cell response against the virus and bring a narrative of various factors that may hold the key to fight against this marauding virus.

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Section: Sars-cov2 Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines

et al. 2022

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“…We report a cluster of B.1.617.2 and E484K occurring in Lombardy, Italy. All cases were first tested by real-time reverse transcription PCR and, if positive, sequenced as previously reported ( 1 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Breakthrough Infections of E484K-Harboring SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant, Lombardy, Italy

Baj¹,

Novazzi²,

Pasciuta³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…815 of these 2,622 positive samples underwent sequencing for characterizing the infecting SARS CoV-2 variant, according to the surveillance programme of the Italian National Institute of Health and Ministry of Health. Of these 815, 97 samples were sequenced by Sanger for the entire Spike gene or by next-generation whole-genome sequencing (NGS) as previously reported [ 3 ]. Briefly, Sanger protocol was performed on RT–PCR fragments covering the complete Spike gene of SARS-CoV-2, and directly using the Big Dye Terminator cycle-sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spike protein evolution in the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern: a case series from Northern Lombardy

Baj

Novazzi²,

Ferrante³

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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The SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) "Delta" is currently defined by PANGOLIN as a cluster of 33 different AY sublineages. Delta (in particular B.1.617.2) is largely and rapidly replacing the Alpha VOC as the dominant clade in most countries. To date, variations in the Spike protein of the Delta VOC have largely been limited. We report here the results of a genomic surveillance program from Northern Italy. We identified several Delta sublineages harboring mutations previously reported in GISAID at extremely low frequencies and in different combinations. Two patients (one of them vaccinated) tested positive for a Delta sublineage harboring S71F, T250I, T572I and K854N. More patients tested positive for G769V plus C1248F, A352S, and R158G and C1248F, respectively. Genomic surveillance of Delta variants should be encouraged to anticipate immune escape and deploy countermeasures.

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Introduction of SARS‐COV‐2 C.37 (WHO VOI lambda) from Peru to Italy

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines

COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines

Breakthrough Infections of E484K-Harboring SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant, Lombardy, Italy

Spike protein evolution in the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern: a case series from Northern Lombardy

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