Introduction

Couper, James R.; Penney, W. Roy; Fair, James R.; Walas, Stanley M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396959-0.00001-x

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Behavioural economics theories that typically substitute a social utility for expected gains to account for other-regarding preferences in social groups (Bolton, 1991;Camerer, 2003) offer interesting frameworks for including some social capital component on top of standard economic incentives. For example, it has been shown that members of a social group tend to care about their own and relative pay-offs (Charness & Rabin, 2002;Fehr & Schmidt, 1999).…”

Section: Incentive Effect Of Other-regarding Preferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive effect of joint and several liability in fishery cooperatives on regulatory compliance

et al. 2019

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Cooperative‐based catch share systems can be implemented such that the members of the same fishery cooperative are jointly and severally liable for not exceeding collectively assigned fishing rights. In practice, this means that a regulator can take away catch privileges from an entire cooperative that overruns its collective quota, effectively creating a penalty much larger than what could be recovered with an individual fine. Fishery cooperatives then typically implement their own internal compliance regime that includes monitoring and penalties. This article first reviews compliance practice in cooperative‐based catch share systems by examining the commonalities and differences in the way compliance regimes are structured (observation and reporting requirements, penalty scheme, internal enforcement authority and indemnification mechanisms) in a number of internal agreements from fishery cooperatives in North America and in Europe. Based on our review of cooperatives and the literature on compliance, we discuss how incentives to comply may be different for an individual fisherman operating in a fishery cooperative where joint and several liability applies as compared to an individual fishing quota baseline situation without fishery cooperative. Our review suggests that, from the regulators’ point of view, joint and several liability can increase the level of compliance for a given enforcement expenditure. However, the regulator cannot rely solely on cooperatives to carry out controls and must ensure that the cooperatives themselves have an interest in setting up an effective monitoring system and will enforce sanctions within the cooperative.

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Section: Incentive Effect Of Other-regarding Preferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive effect of joint and several liability in fishery cooperatives on regulatory compliance

et al. 2019

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“…Dengan komunikasi nonverbal, BN akan membantu guru untuk mendapatkan perhatian siswa dengan mudah daripada dengan komunikasi verbal dan pengetahuan materi pelajaran. BN dapat mendorong partisipasi siswa dan perhatian pada pelajaran (Fandohan et al, 2015). Oleh karena itu, sebagian besar pesan yang disampaikan akan memiliki akar dalam sistem komunikasi nonverbal.…”

Section: Pragmatik Edukasional Sebagai Pendekatan Pragmatikunclassified

Bahasa nonverbal sebagai konteks dalam pembelajaran BIPA: kajian pragmatik edukasional

Pranowo

2019

j.bipa.

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Non-verbal language learning as a context of Indonesian as foreign language learning needs serious attention because, in addition to learning verbal writing language, they also learn spoken language and cultural background. Therefore, learning must integrate an educationally linguistic approach with educational pragmatic words. Educational linguistic approaches in its nature are teaching the structure of language and its meaning, while a pragmatic approach or communicative approach is, in fact, the teaching of the use of languages and the context of its usage. The problem in this article is "What is the role of non-verbal language as a context in Indonesian language learning for foreign speakers (BIPA), an educational pragmatic study?". The purpose of this study is (1) to describe the use of nonverbal language as a context that often accompanies verbal language, (2) want to set the BN learning that is related to verbal based on a pragmatic approach, (3) want to Describe the pragmatic nature of Educational, (4) want to describe the process of acquisition of BIPA integrated between verbal language with non-verbal language, (5) want to describe the role of BIPA teacher.

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“…Washington's former Caribbean Day festival once attracted thousands of Washingtonians and visitors each year to participate in the annual celebration of the city's rich Caribbean population. These subgroups and black immigrants bring with them different economic, cultural, ideological, and national contentions that occur in other national formations (Hintzen and Rahier 2003). Still, these subgroups and particularly second-generation black immigrants, form a cohesive larger group as black Americans.…”

Section: Defining: Black Middle Class Single Mothersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In most instances, they use these terms interchangeably, and I have done the same throughout this paper. The influx of black immigrants from across the African diaspora who have migrated to the United States has destabilized and complicated the meaning of blackness in this country (Hintzen and Rahier 2003).…”

Section: Defining: Black Middle Class Single Mothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this community, though large and multifaceted, shares many principles or characteristics (for example, the community's involvement in the church), other characteristics like food or music may vary. In this location and across the diaspora, definitions of black and blackness are continually shifting, disrupting popular discourse on what it means to be black (as if there is only one distinct definition) (Hintzen and Rahier 2003).…”

Section: Defining: Black Middle Class Single Mothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material Girls: Consumption and the Making of Middle Class Identity in the Experiences of Black Single Mothers in the Washington, DC Metropolitan area

Preston¹,

Aysha²

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Introduction

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Incentive effect of joint and several liability in fishery cooperatives on regulatory compliance

Incentive effect of joint and several liability in fishery cooperatives on regulatory compliance

Bahasa nonverbal sebagai konteks dalam pembelajaran BIPA: kajian pragmatik edukasional

Material Girls: Consumption and the Making of Middle Class Identity in the Experiences of Black Single Mothers in the Washington, DC Metropolitan area

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