Introduction for Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm System

Yao, Haowei; Zhang, Ping; Zheng, Yuanpan

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.01.081

“…After obtaining the approval from Fire and Rescue Department Malaysia, the maintenance of the fire-fighting system is compulsory to ensure the functionality of the system (Azmi et al, 2009). Equipment to be maintained includes portable fire extinguishers, hose reel systems, fire hydrants, wet riser systems, automatic sprinkler system (Fleming, 2016), fire alarm system (Festag, 2016;Yao et al, 2016), emergency exit signs, emergency lights and fire lifts (Harris, 2011). Regular inspection and maintenance of equipment installed in a building is the key to good reliability and performance, otherwise, the installed equipment and systems may not work reliably as intended nor as well as designed (Xin and Huang, 2013).…”

Section: Fire Protection Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature review of routine maintenance in high-rise residential buildings

Au-Yong

¹

,

Ali

²

,

Chua

³

2019

JFM

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Purpose Facilities management plays a significant role in the housing industry to support human daily routine and enhancing the productivity of the activities in and around the residential. Nonetheless, facilities management has not been readily encouraged or adopted by the Government in Malaysia in any structured way. The maintenance approaches adopted are mostly corrective which resulting poor service delivery, poor user satisfaction and endless maintenance backlogs. Thus, this paper aims to review the implementation of preventive maintenance and importance of routine maintenance frequency for the building facilities and services in high-rise residential buildings. Design/methodology/approach An extensive literature review published in between 1987 to 2016 has been carried out on the implementation of preventive maintenance strategy specifically routine maintenance. The building facilities and services which are divided into essential and value-added were identified and tabulated systematically to further form a theoretical framework to demonstrate the association between routine maintenance of building facilities and services and maintenance outcome. Findings The findings of the study argued that the routine maintenance might affect the maintenance performance. Future research is proposed to investigate the optimal frequency of routine maintenance to enhance maintenance performance. Originality/value This study identified the importance of routine maintenance by providing the classification of facilities and services, which fundamentally support future research to improve the maintenance management of high-rise residential building.

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“…The goal of these legislations and standards is to control the specifications and the manufacturing of the conduit industry. Example of that, the concealed wiring protection, in the old standard, it was required to adopt the rigid plastic tube with fire retardant treatment, while in the new standard, it is revised to flexible rigid plastic tube above grade [3]. Some originations work on these standards such as National Electrical Code, the Canadian Electrical Code and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, which was updated Standard for Electrical Intermediate Metal Conduit Raceways, as an example [4] [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties

Esmail¹

2020

Journal of Natural Sciences, Life and Applied Sciences

0

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The use of PVC mixtures in the manufacturing of electrical conduit has been employed for a long time along with other materials. In this study, the impact of changing the ratio of the components of the PVC mixtures on the physical properties of the electrical conduit was investigated. The emphasis was placed on three properties: Density, Tensile Strength and Soft Point. The application of the electrical conduit controls the types of materials and their percentages. Physical properties of the PVC products are the most important factors that help to choose compared with other materials. These properties change with the change of the chemical components of the PVC mixture. The study discussed how to enhance and improve these properties by controlling the proportions of some substances in the PVC mixtures. This article aims to demonstrate the strong relationship between PVC polymer, calcium and stabilizers and the physical properties of the electrical conduit. The focus concentrated on three components in the mixture and three physical properties. Random samples were taken to calculate the average percentages of the components in the mixtures. Various tools and several statistical methods were used such as correlation coefficients and scatter charts to prove the relationship between the ratios of the materials and the respective properties. The correlation coefficients between the PVC polymer, stabilizers, calcium, and the density, tensile strength, vicat soft points were (0.92, 0.83, 0.82) respectively. Decreasing the PVC polymer by (17.1%) has caused an increase in the density of the conduit by (2%). Finally, the physical properties of PVC mixtures could be improved by changing component ratios to reach the optimized mixture for the specific application, taking into account other competitive issues such as the final price of the product, environmental impact, and other issues.

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“…These standards updated from time to time as needed. Example of that, the concealed wiring protection, in the old standard, it was required to adopt the rigid plastic tube with fire retardant treatment, while in the new standard, it is revised to flexible rigid plastic tube above B1 grade [3]. Some originations work on these standards such as National Electrical Code, the Canadian Electrical Code and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, which was updated Standard for Electrical Intermediate Metal Conduit Raceways, as an example [7] [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties

Esmail

¹

2021

FJES

0

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The use of PVC mixtures in the manufacturing of electrical conduit has been employed for a long time along with other materials. In this study, the impact of changing the ratio of the components of the PVC mixtures on the physical properties of the electrical conduit was investigated. The emphasis was placed on three properties: Density, Tensile Strength and Soft Point. The application of the electrical conduit controls the types of materials and their percentages. Physical properties of the PVC products are the most important factors that help to choose compared with other materials. These properties change with the change of the chemical components of the PVC mixture. The study discussed how to enhance and improve these properties by controlling the proportions of some substances in the PVC mixtures. This article aims to demonstrate the strong relationship between PVC polymer, calcium and stabilizers and the physical properties of the electrical conduit. The focus concentrated on three components in the mixture and three physical properties. Random samples were taken to calculate the average percentages of the components in the mixtures. Various tools and several statistical methods were used such as correlation coefficients and scatter charts to prove the relationship between the ratios of the materials and the respective properties. The correlation coefficients between the PVC polymer, stabilizers, calcium, and the density, tensile strength, vicat soft points were (0.92, 0.83, 0.82) respectively. Decreasing the PVC polymer by (17.1%) has caused an increase in the density of the conduit by (2%). Finally, the physical properties of PVC mixtures could be improved by changing component ratios to reach the optimized mixture for the specific application, taking into account other competitive issues such as the final price of the product, environmental impact, and other issues.

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Introduction for Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm System

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

A literature review of routine maintenance in high-rise residential buildings

A literature review of routine maintenance in high-rise residential buildings

Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties

Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties

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