Introduction: Definitions and Some History

Hammerschmidt, R.

doi:10.1002/9780470995983.ch1

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Two alternative forms of crop protection that are much discussed are the application of chemical compounds that enhance the plant's natural defences and the use of arthropod antagonists as biocontrol agents. A number of natural and synthetic compounds have been shown to enhance naturally-occurring plant defence responses when applied exogenously to foliage or roots (Hammerschmidt 2007;Lyon 2007). Some compounds, such as cis-jasmone, systemically activate the defence response before a challenge attack has occurred (Birkett et al 2000;Bruce et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of a plant defence priming compound, β-aminobutyric acid, on multitrophic interactions with an insect herbivore and a hymenopterous parasitoid

et al. 2011

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Biocontrol of aphids by natural enemies is utilized in many organic and integrated pest management schemes. b-aminobutyric acid (BABA), a non-protein amino acid, is a plant defence primer that suppresses growth of some insect herbivores when applied as a root drench. This investigation examined how applying BABA to host plants via the roots may impact on a parasitoid wasp of aphids. Female Aphidius ervi (Haliday) did not discriminate against pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) reared on BABA-treated beans (Vicia faba L.) or show any modified responses to volatiles released from BABA-treated plants. BABA reduced the size of emerging wasps, primarily by inhibiting the growth of the host aphid. Metabolomic analysis revealed BABA in both aphids and emergent wasps indicating some potential for direct physiological inhibition to have occurred. Survival of the parasitoids was only reduced at doses of BABA likely to produce phytotoxic effects in many plant species, thus there may be potential to incorporate plant defence primers like BABA into integrated pest management practices. However, the precise mechanisms of BABA-inhibition of insects still require elucidation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of a plant defence priming compound, β-aminobutyric acid, on multitrophic interactions with an insect herbivore and a hymenopterous parasitoid

et al. 2011

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“…In its broadest sense, IR is a form of resistance caused by activation of the host plant’s own genetically programmed defence pathways, resulting in changes that diminish the effects of subsequent biotic attack (Agrawal et al. , 1999; Hammerschmidt, 2007). IR elicited by microorganisms in plants to other pathogenic microorganisms has been recognized for over 100 yr (Chester, 1933).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced resistance to pests and pathogens in trees

et al. 2009

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Contents Summary893I.Introduction894II.Induced defence mechanisms in trees894III.Systemic induction of resistance897IV.Defence signalling networks900V.Future prospects: what does IR offer for management of forest systems?902Acknowledegements904References904 Summary Tree resistance can be enhanced by a variety of biotic and abiotic inducers, including nonpathogenic and pathogenic microbes, and herbivores, resulting in enhanced protection against further biotic injury. Induced resistance (IR) could be a valuable tool in sustainable pest management. IR has been actively studied in herbaceous plant species, and, in recent years, in woody plant species, and is fast emerging as an intriguing, eco‐friendly concept for enhancing tree resistance. However, before application of IR becomes possible, there is a need to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms of defence in forest trees. A richer understanding of these phenomena will play a critical role in developing sustainable integrated pest management strategies. This review summarizes our current knowledge of IR in forest trees, focusing on inducible defence mechanisms, systemic induction of resistance and phytohormone signalling networks. We conclude by discussing the potential advantages and limitations of applying IR‐based management tools in forest systems.

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“…Nakon primarnog kontakta sa parazitom, osetljiva biljka može razviti povećanu otpornost prema svakom sledećem pokušaju prodora tog parazita (Kuć, 1982;Hammerschmidt, 2007;Pieterse & Van Loon, 2007). Ovaj fenomen poznat je kao indukovana otpornost.…”

Section: Sistemično Stečena Otpornost (Systemic Acquired Resistance -unclassified