Introduction

Peters, Julie; Wolper, Andrea

doi:10.4324/9781315656571-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…4–7,10,17–23 However, women’s low status due to deep-rooted socio-cultural barriers and gender norms hinder them to have decision-making autonomy on their SRH issues. 24 It was reported that only 55% of married women in the globe had decision-making autonomy on SRH issues, with 36% in Sub-Saharan Africa. 25 About 6% 3 and 41.3% 26 of married women in Senegal and South Africa, respectively, had decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of 2016 demographic and health survey

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Women’s decision-making autonomy has a positive effect on the scale-up of contraceptive use. In Ethiopia, evidence regarding women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and associated factors is limited and inconclusive. Therefore, this study was intended to assess married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and associated factors in Ethiopia using a multilevel logistic regression model. Methods: The study used data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey that comprised of a weighted sample of 3668 married reproductive age women (15–49 years) currently using contraceptives. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors affecting married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use. Akaike’s information criterion was used to select the best-fitted model. Results: Overall, 21.6% (95% confidence interval = 20.3%–22.9%) of women had decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use. Community exposure to family planning messages (adjusted odds ratio = 2.22, 95% confidence interval = 1.67–3.05), media exposure (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13, 95% confidence interval = 1.52–3.23), age from 35 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.09, 95% confidence interval = 1.36–4.69), living in the richer households (adjusted odds ratio = 1.67, 95% confidence interval = 1.32–3.11), and visiting health facility (adjusted odds ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval = 1.34–3.87) were positively associated with women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use. On the contrary, being Muslim (adjusted odds ratio = 0.53, 95% confidence interval = 0.29–0.95), being married before the age of 18 years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.33, 95% confidence interval = 0.12–0.92), and residing in rural residence (adjusted odds ratio = 0.48, 95% confidence interval = 0.23–0.87) were negatively associated with women’s independent decision on contraceptive use. Conclusion: Less than one-fourth of married reproductive age women in Ethiopia had the decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use. Media exposure, women’s age, household wealth, religion, age at marriage, visiting health facilities, community exposure to family planning messages, and residence were the factors associated with women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use. The government should promote women’s autonomy on contraceptive use as an essential component of sexual and reproductive health rights through mass media, with particular attention for adolescent women, women living in households with poor wealth, and those residing in rural settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of 2016 demographic and health survey

et al. 2022

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“…Attaining equality between men and women and eradicating all forms of discrimination are basic human rights and United Nations values. Nevertheless, most of the women around the globe experience consistent intrusions of human rights throughout their lives (Greene et al , 1995; Peters and Wolper, 2018). Because of lack of these basic human rights and their constant violations, women suffer from mental and physical health issues in various nations around the world (Chisholm, 2015; Mfoafo-M’Carthy and Huls, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric development and validation of attitude rating scale towards women empowerment: across male and female university population in Pakistan

Shuja

Aqeel

Khan

2020

IJHRH

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Purpose Attaining equality between women and men and eliminating all forms of discrimination are fundamental human rights and United Nations values. Nevertheless, women globally suffer violations of their human rights throughout their lives. This necessitates investigation of the attitude that people hold towards women empowerment, which is defined as their ability to practice their rights, freedom and attain resources within a framework of gender inequality. The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument to measure attitudes regarding women’s empowerment, which can develop better understanding and future interventions to counter these negative attitudes for better social and health care, including mental and physical health. Design/methodology/approach The factorial structure, reliability, content validity and impact of gender on factor structure of scale were examined among university students (N = 500) in study with male (n = 180) and female (n = 320) population. Findings Exploratory factor analysis using direct oblimin method based on principal component analysis indicated a three-factor, 16-item scale including subscales of personal freedom; equal rights and women empowerment-related fears. Instrument exhibited decent reliability (0.80) and content validity in both male and female university students with a t = −7.64, p = 0.00, suggesting a highly significant difference between the two genders on the developed scale. Research limitations/implications The major limitation was that the sample was obtained from student population; therefore, it will not be entirely correct to generalize it to the whole population of Pakistan. Similarly, there are issues regarding the availability of students because of a busy schedule or not having interest to take part in the study that led to variance in the sample. Lastly, the current scale is developed based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and it should be further enhanced using item response theory in future. Future studies need to include samples from different populations in Pakistan to bring out a more generalized view and try to minimize the variances in sample as much as possible for better results. Practical implications The scale is constructed using the basic features of women empowerment at its core and is applicable in various settings to measure the attitude towards women empowerment. It will be a helpful tool to be used in various health, employment and educational settings. Moreover, this instrument can be applied for research purpose of measuring attitude as a predictor in combination with other variables such as domestic violence and harassment. Social implications Empowering of women is one of the main agendas of 2019 of United Nations for Asian countries where women are not given equal rights, because of which suffer socially and economically from various problems along with issues regarding physical and mental health. By identifying the attitudes of general population, their causes for their attitudes can help in betterment of the women empowerment process. Originality/value This paper in discussion is an original work and has been performed with the purpose of assessing attitudes of males and females regarding women empowerment as the previous measures are either not psychometric valid or are in interview or survey form. The current developed scale is an attempt to develop an instrument that can be globally used.

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Genderforschung in den Internationalen Beziehungen

Brabandt¹

2014

Handbuch Internationale Beziehungen

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Introduction

Cited by 6 publications

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Married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of 2016 demographic and health survey

Married women’s decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of 2016 demographic and health survey

Psychometric development and validation of attitude rating scale towards women empowerment: across male and female university population in Pakistan

Genderforschung in den Internationalen Beziehungen

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